Brown dwarf

[Liara_Tsoni]

Brown dwarfs—if they indeed exist—are celestial objects composed of dust and gas that failed to evolve into stars. To be a star, a ball of hydrogen must be large enough so that the pressure and heat at its core produce nuclear fusion, the process that makes stars bright and hot. Brown dwarfs, so named by American astronomer Jill Tarter in 1975, range in mass between the most massive planets and the least massive stars, about 0.002 to 0.08 times the mass of the Sun.

Roughly 90 percent of the material in the universe is unaccounted for. Since it cannot be seen, this substance is called dark matter. The existence of dark matter is confirmed by the fact that its mass affects the orbits of objects near the visible edge of galaxies and of galaxies within clusters of galaxies. If brown dwarfs really are as common as astronomers think, their total mass could account for the mass of dark matter, one of modern astronomy's major mysteries.

Because brown dwarfs are so cool, small, and faint, they cannot be observed through ordinary telescopes. Beginning in the 1930s, astronomers have suggested their existence using various techniques. One method is to look for a bouncing movement in the path of a star across the sky. Astronomers believe this erratic motion is caused by the gravitational pull of a low-mass companion—such as a brown dwarf—orbiting that star. Another method is to search the sky using infrared telescopes. Some astronomers believe brown dwarfs may emit enough infrared energy to be detected.

Read more: http://www.scienceclarified.com/Bi-Ca/Brown-Dwarf.html#ixzz3EK7QDYRj

So are they real or not? If the think Brown Dwarves may be fake then how do we know all those things about them? Here it says they're real:

http://www.space.com/23798-brown-dwarfs.html

http://www.universetoday.com/114526/wow-water-ice-clouds-suspected-in-brown-dwarf-beyond-the-solar-system/

[Waspie_Dwarf]

So are they real or not?

They are most definitely real. many have been observed. Search for brown dwarfs on this site and you will find many threads about them

If the think Brown Dwarves may be fake then how do we know all those things about them?

Firstly why use the word fake? There is a HUGE difference between something not existing and it being faked.

How do we know so much about them? Well ignoring the fact that we have seen and observed them for now, the short answer is that the laws of science and our understanding of how stars are formed means that it was possible to predict their existence and their properties before they were ever seen.