THE MONETARY SYSTEM we have inherited is more than 2,000
years old. The German word for money, which is "Geld,"
links it rather precisely to its origin which was gold. Gold,
a fairly useless metal except for jewelry and ornaments,
became the preferred exchange medium around 700
B.C. in the Roman Empire. Money always meant
coinage. This was the concept which was incorporated in
the U.S. Constitution. Gold and silver coins (or their
depository receipts) were the only fully legal tender in the
U.S.A. until 1934. To this day, many people - mainly
those who see the disadvantages of the practically
unlimited possibilities for creating paper money- favor a
return to the gold standard for money.
When Silvio Gesell published his book "
Die Natürliche
Wirtschaftsordnung" (The Natural Economic Order) in
1904, about three-quarters of the book dealt with this issue.
(26) Against all the established economists of his time he tried
to prove theoretically and with practical examples that the gold
standard was not only unnecessary but detrimental
to a well-functioning monetary system based on interest
free money.
Today, we know that the gold standard is not a nec-
essary precondition. There is no money system in the world
now which is based on the gold standard. John Maynard
Keynes, who was well acquainted with Silvio Gesell's work,
helped to eliminate this barrier to a well-functioning
economy in the 1930s. What he forgot to advocate, how-
ever, was the other essential ingredient: the replacement
of interest by a circulation fee. This is largely why we are
in trouble now and will be at regular intervals until we
have learned the lesson.