Posted 11 December 2012 - 04:39 PM
Plants normally respond to light by growing leaves and branches toward it (phototropism) and to gravity by growing roots downward. Plant such as carrots planted in soil in low gravity might not be able to grow a taproot in the proper direction (it might grow sideways in a container), but those with fibrous roots will probably just fill the available soil with roots. As long as there is a light source they will grow toward it.
In tissue culture plant cells are kept from differentiating by constantly gentle agitation of the media, this keeps them from orienting towards gravity and allows cell multiplication for division into as many clones of the plant needed. It would be interesting to try tissue cultures in space and see if they would develop into plants or just stay as undifferentiated groups of plant cells, as opposed to seeds or cuttings.
If growing plants in low gravity was a problem, you could have a group of fluorescent tubes as a central hub and have the media for the plants in a drum rotating around that hub, using rotational force to approximate earth gravity, but it sounds like this is unnecessary.