The little voice in my head suggested that I post something

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Being that there is no, (and I mean no, none whatsoever) explanation for what the little voice in your head,
I don't know about that. It seems to operate by running the processes by which I would speak, along with the processes by which I would understand speech, but then "cutting out the middle man" - don't actually speak (although some people, and maybe most people at one time or another, do actually speak aloud, even if only to make an exclamation like "Eureka!").
It is fairly simple to demonstrate that we engage these or similar mechanisms when we actually do speak. We do compose what we are going to say ahead of our saying it, we do listen to what we say, and we do compare our output stream as we hear it to what our intention is.
Also, I notice a "giveaway" feature. Just as in real speech with someone familiar I can sometimes "finish the sentence" for the other person, sometimes I know what the little voice is "going to say," and so the little voice does not finish that sentence, because I already know what the thought is.
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the one you think to yourself with,
That varies a lot among people, and even within the same person at different times. We have had threads about people thinking in images, and many members report that they rely heavily on images rather than words on a regular basis.
Personally, I run in word mode most of the time, but can switch over to images. I have also (rarely) experienced thought in other sensory modalities including music and proprioception.
In all cases, the sense I get is that the source of thoughts may be representation-independent. Nevertheless, representation is handy for evaluating the content of thoughts and applying them to problems. I have a lot of wetware that evaluates language content. I am pretty sure that there are other people who have a lot devoted to evaluating image content.
Since 94% of my thoughts are pure crap, critical evaluation needs all the help it can get. Reducing the raw thought to some "concrete" representation seems to help.
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the one that gets confused when you try to do algebra in your head,
Well, algebra, too is a "concrete" representation. When I think algebra, it looks like what I do is imagine the operations of changing an expression around. This may be accompanied by a running narration from the little voice, too. (If my little voice is pretend speech, my little algebraicist is pretend write it down and work it out.)
I believe the reason that this doesn't work too well, apart from the severe poverty of my algebraic gifts, is that there seems to be only one short term memory with a very limited storage capacity. For something new to enter crowded short term memory, something else has to leave. It doesn't have to be forgotten, but it does become inaccessible on a rapid recall basis, and it may well be lost.
If I literally forget where I am in the middle of an operation, then it ain't gonna work.
Thought experiment If somebody told you a telephone number which you wanted to retain (code 621, 654.2138 - an example, not a real phone number, but look at that thing, and imagine it is Keira Knightley's cell), first, you probably would immedately feel the need to write it down, because all by itself, it's hogging your short term memory quota. And in those seconds (which is all the time you've got unless you repeat it to yourself like a mantra) between receiving it and recording it, you won't be conscious of other thoughts, little voice or otherwise. There's no place to put anything else until you drop the number from storage.
So, I think that explains the confusion - the little voice competes with everything else for short term memory. Run a "pig" process like mental algebra, and the little voice loses a faculty needed for its proper functioning.
When Archimedes did spontaneously vocalize "Eureka!" he forgot to put his clothes on. Sounds like his short term memory was full up.
Edited by eight bits, 03 October 2008 - 11:06 AM.