Habitat, on 28 February 2012 - 05:41 AM, said:
Well, me-wonders, you can lead a horse to water, but you can't make it drink. The cultural setting we grow up in is immensely influential on what we are, to a greater or lesser degree we are all people of our times, particularly the formative years. With experience, we can see how things wax and wane over the decades or centuries, and hopefully become less victims of the cultural fashions we grew up with, but I can't say I'm much impressed by the current vogue. Just my pet theory, but the people running society today have largely never experienced real hardship, or been confronted by it in others on a daily basis, unlike their parents generation, and it engenders a less compassionate outlook, IMO. Second-hand tales from parents are much less influential than direct personal experience, in forming our world view, I'd say.
It is interesting to share this discussion with someone outside of the US. I know the greatest force for culture is public education. At one time that meant religion. People just were not educated, but they attended church, and learned from one book, the bible. Scholasticism was started by the church and used Greek and Roman classics to support the churches point of view, and prove the church is the authority on how the universe works. Scholasticism relied heavily on Aristotle, and Aristotle was under the influence of the very controlling Spartans, and the disillusion of Athens, resulting from loosing the war with Sparta. The war with Sparta resulting from Athenian exspansion, which was the result of the war with Persia. Hum, that was a muddy as a river after spring rains.
How do I save this? Socrates was admonment on the necessity of awakening the conscience. That is basically what religion is all about, but Socrates had a god of nature, not a god that comes from a holy book. Everyone had gods and an unknown god. Christianity begins with an unknown god and insists on making this a known god. That leads to superstition instead of truth, and a supernatural god that rules by whim, and can be pleased or displeased, and who rewards or punishes us, depending on how he feels. This is not a good thing. The unknown god is what is behind, reason, is the controlling force of the universe. Even the gods are subject to the force of the reason, the cause and effect. We are speaking universal laws here. We come to an understanding of universal laws by studying nature and human nature. Moral, is to know the law, and good manners. Socrates was admonment on the necessity of awakening the conscience.