QUOTE(Saard @ Jul 17 2007, 06:06 AM)

Anyone heard about Toxoplasma Gondii? It's an interesting, if somewhat worrying subject.
Toxoplasma Gondii is a parasite that lives in your brain and changes your behaviour.
Rats pick up Toxoplasma from exposure to cat faeces, making them suicidally blasé about moggies, even to the extent of actually making the smell of cat attractive to them.
The rats get eaten and thus the parasite gets passed on.
Humans, charmingly, also pick it up by exposure to cat faeces and by eating under-cooked meat or under-washed vegetables.
If you live in Britain or America, the chance that you already have it could be as high as 50%.
If you're in France or Germany, then you're living in a country where 80-90% of the population enjoy these brain parasites.
It increases risk-taking behaviour, makes you more likely to be involved in car accidents, makes men more solitary, women more social and has been linked to mental illness.
It's odd to think that humanity's personality is being altered en masse by these tiny interlopers, but if the stats are correct, that's exactly what's happening.
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/h...icle1161725.ecehttp://www.praguepost.com/articles/2007/02...-hypothesis.phpWell I had originally doubted those numbers, 50% is high, but I decided to do some more research on it. Heres what I found.
QUOTE
when it is reactivated in immune-suppressed persons. To determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection in a representative sample of the US population, the authors tested sera from participants in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988–1994) for immunoglobulin G antibodies to T. gondii. Of 27,145 persons aged ≥12 years, 17,658 (65%) had sera tested. The overall age-adjusted seroprevalence was 22.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 21.1, 23.9); among women aged 15–44 years, seroprevalence was 15.0% (95% CI: 13.2, 17.0). Age-adjusted seroprevalence was higher in the Northeast (29.2%) than in the South (22.8%), Midwest (20.5%), or West (17.5%) (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, risk for T. gondii infection increased with age and was higher among persons who were foreign-born, persons with a lower educational level, those who lived in crowded conditions, and those who worked in soil-related occupations, although in subset analyses risk categories varied by race/ethnicity. Nearly one quarter of adults and adolescents in the United States have been infected with T. gondii.
To explain what they are doing, they are checking for the presence of T. gondii antibodies, if they are found in someone that would indicate that there Immune system has recently been attacked by it. So they found that 22.5% of Americans had antibodies. That is kinda scary.
Jones JL, Kruszon-Moran D, Wilson M, McQuillan G, Navin T, McAuley JB, et al. Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States: seroprevalence and risk factors.
American Journal of Epidemiology 2001;154:357–65.
The good news is though, that even though infections rates are high (er) (I say that because that is but a fraction of prevalent antibodies for something like the common cold) Mortality rates are extremely low. (compared to infection rates).
QUOTE
o better quantify the impact of foodborne diseases on health in the United States, we compiled and analyzed information from multiple surveillance systems and other sources. We estimate that foodborne diseases cause approximately 76 million illnesses, 325,000 hospitalizations, and 5,000 deaths in the United States each year. Known pathogens account for an estimated 14 million illnesses, 60,000 hospitalizations, and 1,800 deaths. Three pathogens, Salmonella, Listeria, and Toxoplasma, are responsible for 1,500 deaths each year, more than 75% of those caused by known pathogens, while unknown agents account for the remaining 62 million illnesses, 265,000 hospitalizations, and 3,200 deaths. Overall, foodborne diseases appear to cause more illnesses but fewer deaths than previously estimated.
And also
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Overall, the specified pathogens [28 total pathogens] cause an estimated 2,718 deaths each year, of which 1,809 are attributable to foodborne transmission (Table 3). Excluding death due to Listeria, Toxoplasma, and hepatitis A virus, the number of deaths due to pathogens that cause acute gastroenteritis is 1,381, of which 931 (67%) are attributable to foodborne transmission. Bacteria account for 72% of deaths associated with foodborne transmission, parasites for 21%, and viruses for 7%. Five pathogens account for over 90% of estimated food-related deaths: Salmonella (31%), Listeria (28%), Toxoplasma (21%), Norwalk-like viruses (7%), Campylobacter (5%), and E. coli O157:H7 (3%).
Mead PS, ****sker L, Dietz V, McCaig LF, Bresee JS, Shapiro C, et al. Food-related illness and death in the United States.
Emerging Infectious Disease 1999;5:607–24.
I wouldn't worry that much about it unless you are immune suppressed, pregnant, or elderly. A little common sense can help keep you safe here.
As per the
CDC..
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- Wash your hands thoroughly with running water and soap after contact with cat feces (stool) and after gardening.
- If you are pregnant or immunocompromised, try to have another person non-pregnant or immunocompromised clean out the litter box every day.
- Clean out kitty litter boxes daily (not when pregnant).
- If you are pregnant or immunocompromised, keep your cats indoors.
- Avoid eating undercooked meat.
- Do not feed undercooked meat to your cat.