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BertL
LLL, just a quick reminder to this post. Can you do the maths for us and prove that the earth looks too small in some photographs? Or do you retract that claim and admit that your claim was wrong?
LLL
QUOTE (BertL @ Jan 18 2008, 05:00 PM) *
LLL, just a quick reminder to this post. Can you do the maths for us and prove that the earth looks too small in some photographs? Or do you retract that claim and admit that your claim was wrong?


i already did the math in a way , i don't have a lot of confidence in the alleged method they used to take these photos in the first place , because i firmly believe that they never left our protective magnetosphere any single time in current mankind history yet , so they can't have landed on the moon anywhere in the seventie's , from that point , i will not start to do math relying on these crosses that i would be forced to believe genuine hasslblades camera with whatever official lens they claimed to have mounted on it , because for me they faked the whole thing , this include taking photos with whatever camera they want and any possible optics they want to acheive the effect they've wanted , so given that , i just rely on the very photo i showed , witch show a clear kinda normal view (no huge distortion by a wide angle seems to be present) and a small earth , given that the moon is 4 times smaller in diameter than the earth , i just reduced the earth just to check what would be the size of the moon in comparison , and it give an extremly small moon , that mean that this picture would be a pretty wide angle , yet the picture is NOT looking like a wide angle at all , because it looks rather normal , once again no huge distortion at all , this is normal feeling photos to me , and my conclusion was that this earth is too small , because the moon will be extremly small (as in a wide angle photos) that don't match with what i see .
flyingswan
QUOTE (Waspie_Dwarf @ Jan 17 2008, 11:52 PM) *
I'm glad about that, I thought my memory was going.

Apologies to both you and Lily - I'm obviously the one whose memory is going.
BertL
Well, let me do some maths then, LLL. I wonder what your calculations were (could you post them)?

First, let me get some numbers. Earth's radius is about 6371 km (I got that from here). The distance from Earth to the Moon is about 384399 km (I got that [url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon]here[/url). Of course, these numbers are quite precise, a bit too precise to match the expectancy results exactly. Let me draw a nice little graph to show how things look. This graph is not to scale, but is mainly there to illustrate the simple trigonometry I'm doing.

linked-image
(Of course, α is only one half of Earth, so we need to multiply by two to get the real angle Earth takes up in the lunar sky.)

tan α = r /d
tan α = 6371 / 384399
tan α = 16.58e-3 (or, if you prefer, 0.01658)
α = 1.055°
2α = 2.11°

So, out of 360 degrees, Earth takes up about 2° of the full lunar sky. That's nice, we learned something new. (I did, at least. I had no idea what Earth's angle in the sky was.) Now I'll let you find some Apollo pictures and work out the approximate field of view angle based on the above results.
postbaguk
QUOTE (LLL @ Jan 18 2008, 04:00 PM) *
the pressure you are reffering to is a static pressure , i know this because roughly every single 'firm believers' drop that pressure when the crater issue is raised , yet you perfectly know that they have calculated this pressure by dividing the force (in this case the thurst) by the nozzle exit area (P=F/A in other words) , and this is just a simple static pressure , so at whatever pressure this >mach 1 exhaust gas will exit , it will not be a static pressure , it will be a continuous flow of gas and not a static solid object pressure , nothing to do with a footstep , nothing to do with any simple object laying on a ground , because it will be a constant moving flow of gas (as long as the engine is on) this pressure we need to know is the dynamic pressure then.


It's possible you have a valid point about the pressure calculation. The situation is one of fluid dynamics, or more accurately gas dynamics, so I'm no longer convinced the static formula is the one to use. Having said that, wouldn't the equation you gave yield the pressure within the gas flow itself? How does that translate to the pressure acting on a surface? I'll comfortably slip back into being an armchair skeptic on this one! If you think you have a case to make it would be interesting to see the calculations, though I understand the difficulty in determining the variables.

Leaving aside the veracity of the pressure calculations for a moment. My understanding is that the descent engine plume scoured away much of the loose surface regolith, and gradually exposed a deeper layer that was more dense, more tightly packed if you will. There's certainly evidence of surface dust being blown away in the descent and ascent footage. And there is photographic evidence of scour marks underneath the LM from several missions. Disregarding the "pressure" argument temporarily, I think the onus is still on yourself to demonstrate the lunar soil was formed in such a way that it would even have been possible to create a "blast crater" in the manner you describe. For example, I wouldn't expect the LM rocket to create a blast crater if it was landing on a field of clay, although I would expect any loose dust on the surface to be scoured away. Please note: I'm NOT saying the lunar soil under the loose regolith is of the same consistency as clay, I'm just saying that if it's more densely packed than the "lunar topsoil" (which isn't an unreasonable assumption), then I wouldn't expect the LM descent engine to form a sizeable crater. The Saturn V, maybe!

AtomicDog
QUOTE (LLL @ Jan 18 2008, 10:33 AM) *
maths will not prevent the official landing video to show a constant blowing-away of dusty surface as long as the engine isn't turned off , so they can't prevent the logicall expectation of a crater under that nozzle , math will not prevent these rocket engine nozzle to be seen at less than 40 centimeters of the ground above a dusty surface where astronaut make deep footprints , so math will do nothing else than increase any incoherence of these scene , because they can't confirm such a fraud unless if your math are faulty , i also doubt that any maths will accept the motion of these lunar ascent modules making instantaneous stops every 10 seconds like if they've found a secret technology on the moon just before liftoff , and i confidently say this even if im a not very good in maths.

-edit-

but since you say you have found these famous mising datas , what are they ? i already say i didn't have them so i didn't find them anywhere obviously , share your secret please.

density
velocity (so temperature needed also)
throat area
nozzle exit area

with these 4 datas i think we have a start (if you did find them of course).


I'm not the one trying to prove that the landings are a hoax. You are. Therefore you are the one that has to provide the data that shows that the engine should have produced a crater.
So far you have not produced a single figure, a single engine specification, a single calculation. I'm not going to do your work for you. This is your contention; it is up to you to provide the evidence. Please do so.


P.S. If you want to learn about the Lunar Module, here's a good place to start:


Chariots for Apollo
AtomicDog
QUOTE (LLL @ Jan 18 2008, 11:10 AM) *
i already did the math in a way , i don't have a lot of confidence in the alleged method they used to take these photos in the first place , because i firmly believe that they never left our protective magnetosphere any single time in current mankind history yet , so they can't have landed on the moon anywhere in the seventie's , from that point , i will not start to do math relying on these crosses that i would be forced to believe genuine hasslblades camera with whatever official lens they claimed to have mounted on it , because for me they faked the whole thing , this include taking photos with whatever camera they want and any possible optics they want to acheive the effect they've wanted , so given that , i just rely on the very photo i showed , witch show a clear kinda normal view (no huge distortion by a wide angle seems to be present) and a small earth , given that the moon is 4 times smaller in diameter than the earth , i just reduced the earth just to check what would be the size of the moon in comparison , and it give an extremly small moon , that mean that this picture would be a pretty wide angle , yet the picture is NOT looking like a wide angle at all , because it looks rather normal , once again no huge distortion at all , this is normal feeling photos to me , and my conclusion was that this earth is too small , because the moon will be extremly small (as in a wide angle photos) that don't match with what i see .



If they faked up the photos, then they knew how big the Earth should appear in the lunar sky. They made sure to get the Earth in the pictures, so they knew it was important to get the size right.

Why, then didn't they just fake up a "properly sized" Earth?

On the one hand, they made sure to get Venus in its proper place in surface photos of Apollo 12, even though Venus wouldn't be discovered in the image by anyone for 38 years,

see this thread

linked-image

But on the other hand, in the very same photo, they are going to insert an image of the Earth that they know is too small? That is beyond stupid.

I repeat: why didn't NASA then just fake up a "properly sized" Earth?

P.S. NASA knew the phase that the Earth should be in from the Moon, they knew the position that the Earth should be from the Moon, but they didn't care anything about getting the size right? Really?
Trinitrotoluene
The dynamic pressure of a fluid (gaseous or liquid) is the force exerted on a flat surface by the motion of a fluid, not its kinetic-molecular state.

Assumuing ideal plume, total dynamic fluid pressure / area of impingement equal to the exit plane of DPS nozzle. This works out at just under one PSI when hovering (2,690 lbf of force required)

MID
QUOTE (UNDER THE HAT @ Jan 18 2008, 06:18 AM) *
My God!!! LLL you found a very interesting picture here!!! Look at the flag!!! It rotated 180 degrees!!!!!!! MID,I would appreciate to hear from you about it.



The flag moved a couple times during depressurizations through the forward hatch valve on AS-14. Pre-EVA 2 and pre-final equipment jettison. Ed Mitchell also repositioned the flag a couple times during the initial EVA (I'm surprized it didn't fall down all by itself with all that manipulating).

So, a couple times it was manually moved (for TV reasons), and a couple times, it moved because of a gust of WIND! It really did! grin2.gif
Wind from the cabin vent valve in the forward hatch...

MID
QUOTE (LLL @ Jan 18 2008, 07:12 AM) *
yes this is impossible , they stopped instantly , they should have a little decceleration before the stop , like a curve , it can be a steep curve , but still a curve , here it is an instantaneous stops , and not only one time , but several times in the same scene , did you watched the video by the way ? did you missed the ~3'05" instant stop one at least ? and did you see the instant stop in ascent of apollo 14 at 1'09" ? this is simply impossible to stop that way , they instantly stop you can't ignore that , these craft have 1) a secret technology (apparently mastered already) that allow the to defy the law of motion like this , or 2) these are models of these craft filmed to roughly simulate what could eventually looks like a rendez-vous scene while orbiting the moon.



Well, LLL, they did have a "secret technology" that had been mastered (not really secret, just kidding). It was called maneuvering thruster fire to dampen rates...small rates. The LM ascent stage responded like a jet fighter without all the mass attached to it that was there in the form of fuel and a descent stage.

You're looking at the last 90 feet or so of the terminal phase of rendezvous, where the LM, closing at ever decreasing rates (<6 feet per second at that time) fired +Z thrusters and stopped the forward motion. It happened quickly. Then you'll notice the wobble as the thrusters fire to hold attitude, which wobbled a bit due to the snappy thruster response. Even the wobble was dampened quickly in that configuration.

They're not models...those were the real deal. It wasn't impossible, and it didn't defy the laws of motion. In fact, it corresponded precisely to the laws of motion.

Waspie_Dwarf
QUOTE (MID @ Jan 18 2008, 10:50 PM) *
It wasn't impossible, and it didn't defy the laws of motion. In fact, it corresponded precisely to the laws of motion.

Sir Isaac Newton would have approved of such a practicle demonstration of his Third Law.
magnetar
I feel there has been some reasonable introduction into the nature of the descent of the Apollo landers, onto the lunar surface. And from those posts, we are able to make reasonable inferences or conjecture about those events.

Regarding Apollo 14, I looked at some of the images at the Surface Journal and must conclude they appear to meet reasonable expectations. Further, they are highly realistic in what they depict, leaving little undocumented.

These images are basic, but show the landing surface results. I doubt they entertained the idea of a Buck Rogers type blast crater, simply because it would be counter-productive (at least, on what proved to be typical landing "lurrain"). Why go to a high throttle, intense discharge, when you want a gradual touchdown in 1/6G? Why not throttle down? They could throttle them, of course, IIRC.

One other thing. One look at the descent stage tells me it would not blast a crater, there, with the compacted surface material as is seen in images from beneath the lander. The engine was not large enough, nor did it have the right rocket nozzel to blast a crater, considering everything that appears to be present or suggested in these
images.


linked-image



linked-image



linked-image



http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a14/AS14-66-9250-54.jpg

http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a14/AS14-66-9263HR.jpg
mrbusdriver
Even Pete Conrad, seeing a small rock under his engine bell on his initial LM walk around, was surprised that it hadn't been blown away by the exhaust. He made many comments on it. It was something that he couldn't imagine.
But he didn't cry "hoax". He just accepted it as something that he didn't understand everything about, and that his descent engine just plain didn't blow this rock away, for whatever reason.

Incidently, the "soft" flow of a jet engine...do you have any idea what happens inside the combustion section of a jet engine? Or just how much mass of air they "process" each second during operation? It's a lot!
LLL
QUOTE (Trinitrotoluene @ Jan 18 2008, 10:53 PM) *
The dynamic pressure of a fluid (gaseous or liquid) is the force exerted on a flat surface by the motion of a fluid, not its kinetic-molecular state.

Assumuing ideal plume, total dynamic fluid pressure / area of impingement equal to the exit plane of DPS nozzle. This works out at just under one PSI when hovering (2,690 lbf of force required)


yes i know that estimation , but i can't take it for granted , because he don't tell what is the temperature and still calculate an exhaust velocity , the problem is the hotter the faster , so how did he get that exhaust velocity right in the first place without any mention of the temperature ?

also later he calculate the dynamic pressure on the area of impingment , but he don't tell anything about the dynamic pressure at the nozzle exit first , and also he doesn't make this calculation , density x (velocity squared) /2 , so how is this dynamic pressure valid ? checking the at nasa site , it's pretty clear , they state , dynamic pressure = density x (velocity squared) /2 , i didn't see that operation , i didn't see the density , and the velocity was calculated wihout temperature so it can't be right.
LLL
QUOTE (MID @ Jan 18 2008, 11:50 PM) *
Well, LLL, they did have a "secret technology" that had been mastered (not really secret, just kidding). It was called maneuvering thruster fire to dampen rates...small rates. The LM ascent stage responded like a jet fighter without all the mass attached to it that was there in the form of fuel and a descent stage.

You're looking at the last 90 feet or so of the terminal phase of rendezvous, where the LM, closing at ever decreasing rates (<6 feet per second at that time) fired +Z thrusters and stopped the forward motion. It happened quickly. Then you'll notice the wobble as the thrusters fire to hold attitude, which wobbled a bit due to the snappy thruster response. Even the wobble was dampened quickly in that configuration.

They're not models...those were the real deal. It wasn't impossible, and it didn't defy the laws of motion. In fact, it corresponded precisely to the laws of motion.


jet's are in atmosphere and they don't stop their rotation instantly , these craft where supposed to be in no atmosphere in 0g , these maneuvering thrusters couldn't stop them instantly , and it's pretty clear they stopped instantly , they can't , this is impossible .
turbonium
QUOTE (Czero 101 @ Jan 18 2008, 01:39 AM) *
I posted as soon as you replied... or at soon as I noticed it at any rate. If I happen to be up when you post, and I have a rebuttal for it, I generally try to reply right away while the ideas are fresh in my head.

Plus, when I am genuinely tired, I do say so in my post. The other times what you're terming as my "grouchiness" is just my frustration at having the evidence I and other have given being ignored showing through a bit too much. Some of my longer posts to you in the past have taken upwards of 4 hours to compile, taking into account time to locate the correct information.


Cz


First, pardon my "grouch" comment. I forgot to add a smiley (being quite tired, myself), as it was only meant in jest. My apologies.

And as for your posts, I'm not ignoring them. Indeed, I appreciate your efforts. The main problem is that I've had very little free time lately. Every time I come back, another 5 or 6 pages seem to have been added on to this thread. You are certainly not the only member here with posts that I haven't been able to address, believe me!

Beyond that, there is another problem that exists. It really stems from a disproportionate number of people arguing that Apollo was genuine, as compared to the much smaller number of people arguing that Apollo was hoaxed.

Any debate can create such an impression among people arguing within a group, if that group is significantly larger than the other group.

Imagine a group of 35 - 40 people, repeatedly firing off questions to an opposing group of 3 or 4 people. Before long, somebody in the large group is getting really frustrated and annoyed, because nobody in the other group seems like they want to answer any of his questions! "&@)$ They keep ignoring all my questions!", he huffs.

Forum debates are no different. But don't take it personally, and don't think you're being ignored when your posts aren't being addressed.

I understand that you feel frustrated. But if you really want to know what frustration feels like, then try debating 20 or 30 people on a thread all by yourself sometime.
Czero 101
Thanks for the post, Turbs... its appreciated, and no apologies necessary... I fully realize that I can come across as grouchy at times wink2.gif

I understand what you're saying regarding the disparate group sizes, and I guess sometimes its easy to forget that there are more than just the handful of "regular" posters on both sides.


Cz
Trinitrotoluene
QUOTE (LLL @ Jan 19 2008, 06:26 AM) *
yes i know that estimation , but i can't take it for granted , because he don't tell what is the temperature and still calculate an exhaust velocity , the problem is the hotter the faster , so how did he get that exhaust velocity right in the first place without any mention of the temperature ?

also later he calculate the dynamic pressure on the area of impingment , but he don't tell anything about the dynamic pressure at the nozzle exit first , and also he doesn't make this calculation , density x (velocity squared) /2 , so how is this dynamic pressure valid ? checking the at nasa site , it's pretty clear , they state , dynamic pressure = density x (velocity squared) /2 , i didn't see that operation , i didn't see the density , and the velocity was calculated wihout temperature so it can't be right.



LLL you are confusing things. I will show you the calculation when I have time (I will have to write it and post it as a picture) but be rest assured that my calculation is correct.
turbonium
QUOTE (mrbusdriver @ Jan 17 2008, 06:57 PM) *
Turbonium, you say that "only a few" needed to know of the hoax. Were this true, the rest would be busy building functioning, operational Moonships. Able to withstand the understood environment of the lunar mission...the VABs, the surface, everything.


No. The rest would be busy building what they hoped would be functioning, operational Moonships, able to withstand the very little understood environment of the lunar mission.

QUOTE (mrbusdriver @ Jan 17 2008, 06:57 PM) *
The international space community had built a wealth of knowledge on what Apollo would encounter throughout the mission. The Apollo workers designed and built a craft capable of withstanding that environment.


To say that by 1968-69, we "had built a wealth of knowledge" on what a manned lunar mission would encounter, is like saying you've built such a wealth of knowledge with 4th grade math you can teach an Advanced Calculus course at MIT.

If we already had such "a wealth of knowledge" regarding the VA Belts in the 1960's, we wouldn't need to spend $47 million trying to get the "wealth of knowledge" out there that we still don't have yet, but that we will need to get, before we can ever - ahem - "return" to the moon!

QUOTE (mrbusdriver @ Jan 17 2008, 06:57 PM) *
But...a "few" determined that all these folks from around the world were wrong, that the prip was impossible. What did they alone know? Why was the mission impossible? Why did they need to create a PARALLEL hoax mission, alongside the real, public, multibillion dollar effort? And who staffed it...more than just "a few" folks.

In short...why the hoax??


They didn't need to develop and create 2 entirely separate, distinct missions - ie: a "parallel" hoax mission, alongside the "real" project. They combined both elements - fake and genuine - into one mission. The sheer brilliance of this plan is that NASA was able to use the genuine elements to 'disappear', totally out of sight into LEO, which allowed them to hoax everything else in complete privacy, because we had no way of independently observing and verifying whether or not these 'final stages' of the event were indeed genuine.

How would anybody at Grumman know whether the LM would be able to hover above the lunar surface, and gently land on the moon? And how would they know if the upper section would lift them off the lunar surface, and then be maneuvered into a precise docking with the CM, in lunar orbit?

They wouldn't know. How could they? All they saw was the exact same thing that everyone else saw - NASA's footage of the LM, on a TV set.

Grumman had no way of first-hand testing / observing the LM, within the same environment it was intended to perform. It's like asking Boeing to design a 747 that can plunge into the ocean and turn into a submarine, but they weren't allowed to test and observe it first-hand, to find out if it really works. But they will get to see the footage of it soon afterwards, on TV! (Of course, with no way of testing it, Boeing would really hope to hell that version #1 worked 100% perfectly, since it was going to have 300 tourists onboard during its 'maiden' voyage.)

Boeing employees gathered around the TV begin to cheer triumphantly, as they watch footage of the 747 plunge into the Atlantic, and smoothly convert into a submarine, with utter perfection!

And it obviously wasn't faked, because someone at Boeing would surely have blown the whistle by now! linked-image
turbonium
QUOTE (Czero 101 @ Jan 19 2008, 01:20 AM) *
Thanks for the post, Turbs... its appreciated, and no apologies necessary... I fully realize that I can come across as grouchy at times wink2.gif

I understand what you're saying regarding the disparate group sizes, and I guess sometimes its easy to forget that there are more than just the handful of "regular" posters on both sides.


Cz


No worries, Czero.
magnetar
QUOTE (LLL @ Jan 17 2008, 05:49 AM) *
...it is just impossible to still believe the apollo moon landing where real after looking at these 3 videos , but i agree this is just my biased opinion , so go check for yourself and tell me what you think about them :

first video (my personal favorite) , apollo 11 , liftoff and rendez-vous , unreal scene , note that the video quality is almost irrelevant since the motion of the craft is the most interesting (and funny) part.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5GDxPAcO-h4

-from 45" to 1'45" note the moon surface , very close of that craft , you can almost feel that its only 2 or 3 meters away ... certainly not miles away , look the motion of the craft , does this look real to you ?

- at 1'43" as a bonus they seems to have simulated an shooting star!

- from 1'50" to 3'55" don't miss the approach prior to docking , a great moment in messed up science fiction effect.
notice the instantaneous stops of motion (including rotation) which are virtually impossible , except for these pioneer stunters that defy the law of motion !


Like I said, a poor quality video- but it probably gives a fair representation. They used computer assisted thruster firings and course corrections, and had 16 RCS thrusters with what I think was 100 lbf thrust. They paid good money for it and had them designed and built and sent into space just as seen in the films you refer to.

It was, after all, a "spaceship" with equipment inside- oh, yes...it was real and it worked as seen. It took time and effort, but they did go to the Moon, and return after docking in lunar orbit.

And, there was probably a piece of debris or bit of stuff floating in the cabin. No simulated "shooting star".

As for the science fiction moves you assert were present or represented-

Manuevers are possible, almost anywhere- happy.gif

Don't believe me?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lga_sAPRkeI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X9uxYy_Na3w


Also, I don't know about lost rocket operations documents, but anything is possible.




BertL
LLL, you seem to have forgotten to respond to my post. That's a pity, I put quite a bit of work in it. sad.gif

(Well, actually, it wasn't that much work at all, but still.)
LLL
QUOTE (BertL @ Jan 19 2008, 02:10 PM) *
LLL, you seem to have forgotten to respond to my post. That's a pity, I put quite a bit of work in it. sad.gif

(Well, actually, it wasn't that much work at all, but still.)


well , according to your calculation , i have 47,6° +- FOV for the photo i submited as a small earth , wich given the supposed 54° FOV of that camera would mean that this earth is in fact too big ... , the problem is , i don't believe what we see is a genuine Earth , and i don't believe what we see is a 54° hassleblade FOV , so i keep my general feeling that this earth is too small (and too big if this is 'real' so anyway there is a problem there).
AtomicDog
QUOTE (LLL @ Jan 19 2008, 10:16 AM) *
well , according to your calculation , i have 47,6° +- FOV for the photo i submited as a small earth , wich given the supposed 54° FOV of that camera would mean that this earth is in fact too big ... , the problem is , i don't believe what we see is a genuine Earth , and i don't believe what we see is a 54° hassleblade FOV , so i keep my general feeling that this earth is too small (and too big if this is 'real' so anyway there is a problem there).



So I repeat: why then did NASA "place" an Earth that they knew was too small in the photos ?

Remember, they had to know. Astronomers knew for centuries how the Earth would look from the Moon.
mrbusdriver
QUOTE (turbonium @ Jan 19 2008, 05:03 AM) *
How would anybody at Grumman know whether the LM would be able to hover above the lunar surface, and gently land on the moon? And how would they know if the upper section would lift them off the lunar surface, and then be maneuvered into a precise docking with the CM, in lunar orbit?

They wouldn't know. How could they? All they saw was the exact same thing that everyone else saw - NASA's footage of the LM, on a TV set.

Grumman had no way of first-hand testing / observing the LM, within the same environment it was intended to perform. It's like asking Boeing to design a 747 that can plunge into the ocean and turn into a submarine, but they weren't allowed to test and observe it first-hand, to find out if it really works. But they will get to see the footage of it soon afterwards, on TV! (Of course, with no way of testing it, Boeing would really hope to hell that version #1 worked 100% perfectly, since it was going to have 300 tourists onboard during its 'maiden' voyage.)

Boeing employees gathered around the TV begin to cheer triumphantly, as they watch footage of the 747 plunge into the Atlantic, and smoothly convert into a submarine, with utter perfection!

And it obviously wasn't faked, because someone at Boeing would surely have blown the whistle by now! linked-image


Grumman designed, engineered, and built the LM along with hundreds of sub-contractors. They knew the thermal environment in space. They tested the LM subsystems in thermal chambers, vaccuum chambers, they dropped models to study landing dynamics. The people building the systems understood the environment in which it would operate. When the 1st operational LM was finished, they took it to Earth orbit and tested every system they could...environmental control (what JW calls "air conditioning"), propulsion, guidance, pyrotechnics, staging, you name it. On the next mission, they took it to the Moon, and again went through every system they could while simulating the descent profile that would land them on the Moon.
About the only things that couldn't be "tested" were the hovering and landing, but based on the design and basic physics, they knew how it would behave.

The lunar vaccuum is virtually identical to the vaccuum of space. And the LM had been tested there twice manned and once unmanned. They had telemetry and human engineers on board during the testing. They knew what worked and what didn't.

The following LM flight took the testing to it's final step, an actual landing, a nail biter to be sure. It all worked pretty much as expected, aside from the initial underburn that resulted in a long landing.

Grumman "knew" all these things because their LM had done them before, during Earth testing and in space. They had the test flight data. The crews wern't just goofing around up there during the LM test flights.
UNDER THE HAT
QUOTE (LLL @ Jan 18 2008, 10:45 AM) *
I appreciate your support UTH , but i think 'pushing' that hard on my little 'find' , would not worth the time , i also think that they could very well have added that script aftermath , but they could have just done that at the time as well (don't underestimate them) , so this would be too much time for a minor detail , if this transcrip wouldn't have existed , sure this details would be major , but there is just nothing serious , and in a way , this transcrip strenghten the evidence that the descent engine should have left a visible crater , so it's not that bad afterall , since there is more serious and clear evidence , let's better focus on these ones , for example the famous 'waving flag' , the radiations , the lunar landing and liftoff (that all looks so fakes...) , and also the rendez-vous prior to docking , i don't see if you saw the video , don't miss them just in case original.gif .

Oh yes , I watched those videos....Fakery from start to the end. 5th category science fiction videos.Unbelievable how people can watch that and still think that they were real.
Czero 101
QUOTE (turbonium @ Jan 19 2008, 04:03 AM) *
No. The rest would be busy building what they hoped would be functioning, operational Moonships, able to withstand the very little understood environment of the lunar mission.

"very little understood"? Hardly...

Pioneer 4, 1959 - Lunar Flyby
Ranger 4, 1962 - Lunar Imapctor
Ranger 5, 1962 - Lunar Flyby
Ranger 7, 1964 - Lunar Impactor
Ranger 8, 1964 - Lunar Impactor
Ranger 9, 1964 - Lunar Impactor
Surveyor 1, 1966 - Lunar Lander
Surveyor 3, 1967 - Lunar Lander
Surveyor 5, 1967 - Lunar Lander
Surveyor 6, 1967 - Lunar Lander
Surveyor 7, 1968 - Lunar Lander
Lunar Orbiter 1 - 5, 1966 - 68 - Lunar Orbiters
Explorer 35, 1967 - 73 - Lunar Orbiter

QUOTE
To say that by 1968-69, we "had built a wealth of knowledge" on what a manned lunar mission would encounter


They say it because they did:

Explorer 1, 1957 - Discovered Van Allen Belt
Explorer 3, 1958 - Studied energy particles
Explorer 4, 1958 - Studied energy particles
Explorer 6 (SA-2), 1959 - Studied magnetosphere
Explorer 7 (SA-1a), 1959 - Studied energy particles
Explorer 8 (S-56), 1960 - Studied composition of ionosphere
Explorer 10 (P-14), 1961 - Investigated Earth's magnetic field
Explorer 12 (EPE A), 1961 - Energetic particle research
Explorer 14 (EPE B ), 1962 - Energetic particle research
Explorer 15 (EPE C), 1962 - Energetic particle research
Explorer 18 (IMP A), 1963 - Magnetospheric research
Explorer 20 (IE A), 1964 - Ionospheric research
Explorer 21 (IMP B ), 1964 - Magnetospheric research
Explorer 22 (BE B (S-66)), 1964 - Ionospheric research
Explorer 25 (Injun 4 (IE B )), 1964 - Ionospheric research
Explorer 26 (EPE D), 1964 - High energy particle observation
Explorer 27 (IMP C), 1965 - Magnetospheric research
Explorer 28 (IMP D), 1965 - Magnetospheric research
Explorer 31 (DME A), 1965 - Ionospheric research
Explorer 33 (IMP D), 1966 - Magnetospheric research (did not attain lunar orbit)
Explorer 34 (IMP F), 1967 - Magnetospheric research
Explorer 35 (IMP E), 1967 - Magnetospheric research
Explorer 40 (Injun 5 (IE C)), 1968 - Magnetospheric research

------ Missions after Apollo 8 ------
Explorer 41 (IMP G), 1969 - Magnetospheric research
Explorer 43 (IMP H), 1971 - Magnetospheric research
Explorer 45 (SSS A), 1971 - Magnetospheric research
Explorer 47 (IMP I), 1972 - Magnetospheric research

So, yes, there was extensive knowledge of the Van Allen Belts, the Magnetosphere and the radiation environment between the Earth and the Moon.

QUOTE
we wouldn't need to spend $47 million trying to get the "wealth of knowledge" out there that we still don't have yet, but that we will need to get, before we can ever - ahem - "return" to the moon!


That was answered a few times, a few pages back:

http://www.unexplained-mysteries.com/forum...t&p=2099213
http://www.unexplained-mysteries.com/forum...t&p=2101079
http://www.unexplained-mysteries.com/forum...t&p=2101101
http://www.unexplained-mysteries.com/forum...t&p=2101120

QUOTE
The sheer brilliance of this plan is that NASA was able to use the genuine elements to 'disappear', totally out of sight into LEO, which allowed them to hoax everything else in complete privacy, because we had no way of independently observing and verifying whether or not these 'final stages' of the event were indeed genuine.


And you have proof, evidence, any information at all of this other than your opinion...?

QUOTE
How would anybody at Grumman know whether the LM would be able to hover above the lunar surface, and gently land on the moon? And how would they know if the upper section would lift them off the lunar surface, and then be maneuvered into a precise docking with the CM, in lunar orbit?


Because, uhm.. they studied it and together with NASA, invented the procedures, systems and technology to do it.

Have a look at the documentation contained on TNT's page here:

http://www.landingapollo.com/documentation/lunarmodule.php

Its a listing of documents (.pdf's) available on the web that detail a lot of things regarding the LM and its development program

QUOTE
Grumman had no way of first-hand testing / observing the LM, within the same environment it was intended to perform


This is true, until Apollo 5, 9 and 10. Prior to that they had extensive testing and simulations.

Excerpts from a 1966 interview with Tom Kelly:

QUOTE
Well, one of the things they decided to explore was how you should actually conduct the mission, because this wasn't really covered in the -- in the Apollo RFQ at all. You were just told to propose on a particular vehicle, and it was just sort of loosely implied how the mission would be conducted. So, to come to the point, as a side operation and part of the basic GE team Apollo Program, there was a side group set up to look at various mission alternatives. And, there were five mission alternatives that were looked at, at that time. And, they just sort of drew out, among the teams, who would work on what by lots, and the Grumman team got to work on lunar orbital rendezvous, which was a very interesting choice. Because, at the end of the study period, we had to get together, and we compared what Douglas had done on their assigned mission, and what GE had done on theirs, and we all agreed that -- yeah, the way to do this mission was lunar orbital rendezvous. So, that was the recommended mission that went in as a part of that Apollo proposal. Well, as you can imagine, that sort of whetted our appetite here at Grumman, and after the Apollo proposal was turned in and done with, why, we went right ahead with these LOR studies, which were pointing to the design of something like a LEM at that time.

And, then when the decision was announced on the Apollo and it was clear that we weren't in on the CSM part of the Apollo, why, we devoted all the efforts then of our space study group, at that time, to the LEM concept. And the design concept, initially, was an extremely simple thing -- it was like a fellow sitting on a pair of handle bars, very much. But, it grew and grew, conceptually, until finally in our studies, we were -- oh, I guess, this was about April, say, of 1962, or so. By that time we were studying LEM type vehicles in a parametric form, looking at all different combinations, whether it should be a staged or unstaged vehicle; or what kind of engine complement it should have; do you really need throttleable engines, or could you use several discrete levels of engines; what kind of landing gear should you have on this thing, etc. We also, during that time, worked out all the weight tradeoff factors, which was to serve us in good stead later on, because it was obvious that was the dominating characteristic of the whole design.

So, anyway, when the RFQ for the LEM came out, why, I'd say that we were pretty well prepared. We had done an awful lot of background work and condensed it as well as we could in the RFQ. The reason that I was looking for the proposal is I wanted to show you what the vehicle looked like originally - it conceptually is the same as it is today, but, in almost every significant detail, it is different. And, there are reasons for all the differences.

QUOTE
What they wanted to launch into, and what they subsequently directed us to launch into, was an extensive preliminary design phase wherein every aspect of the design was gone over again, and just from a conceptual standpoint. And, oh, that phase, I would say, lasted from -- we started in January 1963 was when we officially got under contract and we were still, grossly, preliminary designing the vehicle for at least nine months after that; swapping tanks around, changing the number of landing gear, changing the shape of the cabin, and all that sort of thing.

QUOTE
ERTEL: The interface you had with Link on the simulator gave quite a bit of input into....

KELLY: Well, yes, Link is actually a subcontractor of ours, so, essentially, we give them direction, and information, they need in order to build the simulator.

ERTEL: I was wondering if it comes from here job responsibilities-- I mentioned, as one of the best contract awards -- just like turn another shoulder, and keep on "horning it."

KELLY: Yes, we have a training equipment operation that handles this, and, well, the simulator has been another case in point where it's a real complicated device -- this simulator, very fancy, and can do a lot of things, but it has a long-lead time on getting it developed and built, and, consequently, the need for information -- firm information -- for the simulator has outstripped our ability to provide it, because we didn't even have the firm information for the flight vehicle, when we needed it for the simulator. So, we have had to work out a deal there where we just froze the information level at a particular level, and we're building the simulators to that, and we are going to upgrade and update them, with modification kit that is coming along later. But, there wasn't much alternative on that sort of thing.

QUOTE
The other thing that has changed, which I didn't mention in the history here; but there has been quite an evolution in the required development test program on this vehicle. We started out with an extremely thorough test program, I mean, you would call it methodical, and, also, idealistic. We were going to do everything on an absolutely minimum risk basis, both from a technical standpoint, and a dollar risk. And, we've had to back off on some of those ideas under the press of schedules, dollar limitations, and what have you. I still think we have a very adequate program, but it's been scaled down quite a bit from the original version, and, consequently, every time you change one of these programs, why, you change the GSE requirements, because the GSE is also tied to the particular site, and the particular way you are going to run the test.

ERTEL: I believe that there was even some LEM tests figured in the Little Joe Program at the start.

KELLY: Yes, we had some Little Joe tests originally, and, oh, one thing we did in the first year of the program was -- we had a side group working very intensively at how far -- how could you simulate the lunar landing situation on earth; what was the best way to do it; could you do it with real hardware, and with a real flight vehicle, and did it pay to do it this way, etc. We went into that for well over a year . In the beginning of the program, everyone had an intuitive feel that -- gee, we ought to be able to rig up something with a helicopter, suspending of a LEM from a helicopter, or a balloon, or something like the Langley landing rig; there ought to be someway of taking a real vehicle and flying it down to touchdown, just as though it were on the moon.

Well, we finally figured out ways to do it, all right, from a technical standpoint; but it was an extremely expensive proposition, and there was still deficiencies in the simulation. We had one rig where you would have turbojet engines that would support five-sixth of the vehicle's weight, and the LEM would fly on gimbals inside that. Any scheme that you worked out, to try to simulate the lunar gravitational field on earth, tended to be very complicated, if you did it with a real LEM. The original idea was to land a real LEM. It turned out to be extremely complicated; they all had certain technical deficiencies - you couldn't say, well, now we've got it, we're absolutely simulating the moon - it still wasn't quite right, and we could also show that, in most cases, this device couldn't do the most critical type of maneuvers. For some reasons, or other, and they differed depending on the type of scheme you had in mind. You couldn't simulate the most difficult aspects of the mission.

So the conclusion that we came up with, and I guess this was a joint Grumman-NASA conclusion, after about a year of real heavy preliminary design work on this type of flying-landing vehicle, was that it was technically feasible to produce a limited approach to a free-flight landing vehicle simulation. But, if you tried to assess it on any sort of cost effectiveness yardsticks, and compare it with what you could get with a straight fixed-base simulation, it just didn't look like it paid. You were talking hundreds of millions of dollars before you were through with this thing, and it was a dead end. So, it was washed out of the program -- but after a lot of careful thought.

And, what we have in its place, of course, is we have a pretty good fixed base simulation program, like the old Link trainer, but with a pretty good visual display, and a real good mathematical simulation of the vehicle, and we can hook certain of the flight control hardware into this rig. Our FMES (Full Mission Engineering Simulator) will be operational in about another two months, and this is our final step in the progression. We've had several different levels of engineering simulators, starting out with a simple one that we could build quickly, and working up into quite a pair of quite good ones last year, but were still limited strictly to simulation. Now, this FMES will have the capability to do a complete mission from end to end, which the others couldn't do -- the others were all pieced together. And, also, on the FMES, we can hook in the hardware -- the critical hardware in the flight control system -- the autopilot type equipment can be hooked in and actually fly with the FMES, with the computer closing the vehicle dynamic loop. So, this is what we have, and it's a good engineering tool, and is a pretty good pilot training tool, crew training tool. Of course, for crew training, this is augmented by the Link mission simulator, which is really a trainer with a lot of capability. It can simulate malfunctions of all types, etc. That was kind of an interesting historical side line, I think.


EDITED for typos...
MID
QUOTE (LLL @ Jan 19 2008, 01:39 AM) *
jet's are in atmosphere and they don't stop their rotation instantly , these craft where supposed to be in no atmosphere in 0g , these maneuvering thrusters couldn't stop them instantly , and it's pretty clear they stopped instantly , they can't , this is impossible .



I am pleased you understood... blink.gif
MID
QUOTE (turbonium @ Jan 19 2008, 07:03 AM) *
How would anybody at Grumman know whether the LM would be able to hover above the lunar surface, and gently land on the moon? And how would they know if the upper section would lift them off the lunar surface, and then be maneuvered into a precise docking with the CM, in lunar orbit?

They wouldn't know. How could they?


Seriously, Turb? How would they know?

If you have an engine that can put out variable thrust, and say it's pushing 3000 pounds, against a vehicle weight 3000 pounds in a gravity field...you're gonna get a hover...until fuel burns away and weight decreases...then, you're gonne go up. A soft landing involves metering the thrust to allow a soft descent. This is basic. Alot like landing a helicopter.

If you have an engine that fires, and pushes at 3000 pounds up against a 1700 pound weight. You're gonna go up off the ground.

If you've already mastered the rendezvous and docking techniques many times on orbit around the Earth, and on orbit around the Moon, you know it works.

I have no conception of where such a question comes from...save to say I smell you descending into that odd train of thought that says since we'd never put all of the successful operational tests together and actually did it all before Apollo 11, which of course, we couldn't have done, that somehow that means we couldn't do it, and that's just wierd, frankly.
MID
QUOTE (Waspie_Dwarf @ Jan 18 2008, 06:57 PM) *
Sir Isaac Newton would have approved of such a practicle demonstration of his Third Law.



Oh, there's no doubt about that! grin2.gif
MID
QUOTE (turbonium @ Jan 19 2008, 07:03 AM) *
Grumman had no way of first-hand testing / observing the LM, within the same environment it was intended to perform. It's like asking Boeing to design a 747 that can plunge into the ocean and turn into a submarine, but they weren't allowed to test and observe it first-hand, to find out if it really works. But they will get to see the footage of it soon afterwards, on TV! (Of course, with no way of testing it, Boeing would really hope to hell that version #1 worked 100% perfectly, since it was going to have 300 tourists onboard during its 'maiden' voyage.)



A rather silly exaggeration if ever I've heard one...

The LM was tested in the environment in which it was designed to perform (space and only space...and that's the same environment whether it's at 200 miles over the Earth, or 10 miles over the Moon, doesn't make any difference), and Grumman was all over the observations of the test data in real time, every time (maybe you thought they just stayed home and waited for TV and photos during Apollo 9 and Apollo 10?).

I'm supposing you thought Grumman engineers should've been sent up in a separate spacecraft to follow the LM around during its unmanned and manned test flights? They couldn't stay on the ground and watch the data and see the TV and do analysis that way?


What it was like...


...was like contracting with an aerospace engineeering firm to design and build a vehicle with a specific purpose, and allowing them to do that. Then, it was like testing the thing's components hundreds of times on the ground, then, in space, where it was supposed to operate. When everything proved out, the only step was to do a full up test of everything together (that was Apollo 11, and of course that was the only logical next step in the process).

It had nothing to do with designing a craft which was supposed to do something and never testing it to see if it could do it. It was exactly the opposite.
With all that's been presented on the massive effort to design, build, and test the LM, I cannot fathom where such reasoning comes from.


You seem to be saying that since we'd never landed the thing on the Moon, that we couldn't have.
Every time we design and build an airplane, we do the same things. We know it should work...and we design it to work, and we test the hell out it, but...sometime, somewhere, someone's gonna have to get in and fly it. Do we just stop the process at that point?

Thinking like that would have resulted in nothing ever being accomplished.


magnetar
Supposing you lived in a community, and there was a vociferous person at local school meetings crying out-

"We didn't go to the Moon! We should stop teaching that, or any and all related science! We should stop trusting governmental or academic institutions that support claims of such research or similar programs!"

The sky is falling!

Can you imagine such behavior? Who would promote such ideas among people, and why?


Anyway, this is interesting-

The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Far-Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph (Experiment S201) operated from 21 to 23 April 1972 on the lunar surface during the Apollo 16 mission. The data represents 11 fields, designated Cygnus, Capricorn, Cetus, Grus, Pavo, Mensa, Norma, Aquarius, Fornax, Sagittarius West, and Sagittarius East. Individual data records include information such as running number of the object in the field, exposure time for the image, filter used, scan coordinates, equatorial position, object identification, differences between measured and catalog coordinates, spectral type, SAO or other visual and photographic magnitudes, peak density, pixel, background and scan information, and ultraviolet magnitude. The eleven files were concatenated to a single file of 6396 x 118-byte logical records.

The data set consists of 70-mm film containing a second-generation negative copy of the 35-mm film returned from the Descartes landing site, Apollo 16 mission, experiment S201. Included are pre-flight calibration exposures (mission frame number 1-18), a black frame (mission frame number 19), and the 190 exposures taken from the lunar surface (mission frame numbers 20 - 209).

Apollo-16 Far-Ultraviolet Spectra for LMC


Here are some related images from the experiment. Including one of planet Earth in UV, with background celestial objects in the same field of view. (APOD)

linked-image



linked-image



linked-image



George R. Carruthers, Principal Inventor of the Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph

Wiki

linked-image
magnetar
Additional papers under query for Far-Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph

(and research related to Experiment 201)

Far-Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph (Query from ADS Database)


These servers are sometimes busy.
Obviousman
Apollo 16 Far UV Image Collection


Many thanks to Thomas Bohn for creating the webpage.

(Tom's old web page)
turbonium
QUOTE (mrbusdriver @ Jan 19 2008, 08:18 AM) *
Grumman designed, engineered, and built the LM along with hundreds of sub-contractors. They knew the thermal environment in space. They tested the LM subsystems in thermal chambers, vaccuum chambers, they dropped models to study landing dynamics. The people building the systems understood the environment in which it would operate.


We can also say our solar system is "understood". It's an entirely subjective term. Grumman understood there is no atmosphere in space, and that there is 1/6 gravity on the moon, and that the sunlit lunar surface is a fair bit hotter than Waikiki Beach. But that doesn't mean they understood everything about that environment(s).

And even if the environment had been 100% "understood", it doesn't mean that they would know if the LM can actually function properly in that environment.

QUOTE (mrbusdriver @ Jan 19 2008, 08:18 AM) *
When the 1st operational LM was finished, they took it to Earth orbit and tested every system they could...environmental control (what JW calls "air conditioning"), propulsion, guidance, pyrotechnics, staging, you name it. On the next mission, they took it to the Moon, and again went through every system they could while simulating the descent profile that would land them on the Moon.


Grumman was not doing any of the testing by this point - it was all in the hands of NASA. Grumman could not do any first-hand testing of the LM, it was all controlled by NASA from that point on. So after a few tests in space, NASA excitedly reports to Grumman that their latest LM tested perfectly. So who's any the wiser? Not Grumman, that's for sure!

QUOTE (mrbusdriver @ Jan 19 2008, 08:18 AM) *
About the only things that couldn't be "tested" were the hovering and landing, but based on the design and basic physics, they knew how it would behave.


Landing and hovering are hardly minor, insignificant operations to leave untested! And you forgot a major op - the upper-section LM lift-off from the moon. Entirely untested, and supposedly, it worked perfectly, the first time it was ever tried, with Apollo 11 !! Unbelievable!!

QUOTE (mrbusdriver @ Jan 19 2008, 08:18 AM) *
The lunar vaccuum is virtually identical to the vaccuum of space. And the LM had been tested there twice manned and once unmanned. They had telemetry and human engineers on board during the testing. They knew what worked and what didn't.

The following LM flight took the testing to it's final step, an actual landing, a nail biter to be sure. It all worked pretty much as expected, aside from the initial underburn that resulted in a long landing.

Grumman "knew" all these things because their LM had done them before, during Earth testing and in space. They had the test flight data. The crews wern't just goofing around up there during the LM test flights.


Again, Grumman was not involved in the LM space tests, period. They only knew what NASA told them. Period. And the LM was not (could not) tested on Earth for the most primary, critical functions - landing, hovering, or upper-stage ascent, etc. - it had to be able to perform - in space and on the moon - faultlessly.

That's when fairy tales came true, as long as you believe in NASA's version.


flyingswan
QUOTE (turbonium @ Jan 20 2008, 11:44 AM) *
We can also say our solar system is "understood". It's an entirely subjective term. Grumman understood there is no atmosphere in space, and that there is 1/6 gravity on the moon, and that the sunlit lunar surface is a fair bit hotter than Waikiki Beach. But that doesn't mean they understood everything about that environment(s).

And even if the environment had been 100% "understood", it doesn't mean that they would know if the LM can actually function properly in that environment.

What aspect of the lunar environment do you think was both unknown and likely to cause a problem?
QUOTE
Grumman was not doing any of the testing by this point - it was all in the hands of NASA. Grumman could not do any first-hand testing of the LM, it was all controlled by NASA from that point on. So after a few tests in space, NASA excitedly reports to Grumman that their latest LM tested perfectly. So who's any the wiser? Not Grumman, that's for sure!

Not "NASA excitedly reports", but NASA has Grumman staff involved in pre-launch preparations on the pad, NASA has Grumman engineers on hand at mission control throughout, NASA gives Grumman a full set of data returned from the mission, NASA discusses anything unexpected with Grumman and NASA consults Grumman about fixes for any problems. If you think that NASA or anyone else could fool the Grumman engineers under conditions of such close collaboration, you need to explain how in a lot more detail than you have to date.
QUOTE
Landing and hovering are hardly minor, insignificant operations to leave untested! And you forgot a major op - the upper-section LM lift-off from the moon. Entirely untested, and supposedly, it worked perfectly, the first time it was ever tried, with Apollo 11 !! Unbelievable!!

The basic dynamics of landing and hovering were well known, with a big database from helicopters, Harriers, LLTVs. On the moon it is a bit easier as there are no gusts of wind to cause upsets. The separation of the LM stages by firing the main ascent engine was tested on all three previous LM missions.
QUOTE
Again, Grumman was not involved in the LM space tests, period. They only knew what NASA told them. Period. And the LM was not (could not) tested on Earth for the most primary, critical functions - landing, hovering, or upper-stage ascent, etc. - it had to be able to perform - in space and on the moon - faultlessly.

That's when fairy tales came true, as long as you believe in NASA's version.

Again, wrong.
turbonium
Thinking about why Apollo's feats have never been matched in 40 years, I recalled something postie said awhile back about the Trieste, which is still baffling me. It was this..

"I have no idea whether the Trieste made it or not. My gut instinct, based on what I've read, says there is no reason to disbelieve it"

The problem I have is that there is an overwhelming reason to disbelieve in the Trieste story.

We are incapable of repeating it, to this day.

The Trieste supposedly sent men to the bottom of Challenger Deep - a depth of 35,800 ft. - in 1960.

48 years later, we cannot duplicate this feat. In fact, we can't even get close to matching it.

There is only weak evidence to support the Trieste claim, to begin with. And stronger evidence to dispute it, even before considering that it is still impossible to duplicate.

How does this preposterous story continue to be the official, so-called "factual", account?

When it can't be done, despite vastly superior technology?

As for Apollo, there are plenty of excuses available for the feat never being duplicated since 1972. And for taking until 2020 - at least - to duplicate it.

I know, pro-Apollo people - you call them valid reasons, not excuses.

There are no such defenses for the Trieste story - it is impossible to duplicate.

It's another example of how people will believe whatever the "official story" is, even when it is a blatant fraud.

Anyway, sorry for the small diversion, but I just wanted to get that off my chest...

Back to the main issue..
the_UNKNOWN_DEAD
QUOTE (turbonium @ Jan 20 2008, 04:53 AM) *
It's another example of how people will believe whatever the "official story" is, even when it is a blatant fraud.


I must have missed where you presented credible evidence for this "blatant fraud"...

Care to present it now??



747400
QUOTE (turbonium @ Jan 20 2008, 11:44 AM) *
Grumman was not doing any of the testing by this point - it was all in the hands of NASA. Grumman could not do any first-hand testing of the LM, it was all controlled by NASA from that point on. So after a few tests in space, NASA excitedly reports to Grumman that their latest LM tested perfectly. So who's any the wiser? Not Grumman, that's for sure!



Landing and hovering are hardly minor, insignificant operations to leave untested! And you forgot a major op - the upper-section LM lift-off from the moon. Entirely untested, and supposedly, it worked perfectly, the first time it was ever tried, with Apollo 11 !! Unbelievable!!



Again, Grumman was not involved in the LM space tests, period. They only knew what NASA told them. Period. And the LM was not (could not) tested on Earth for the most primary, critical functions - landing, hovering, or upper-stage ascent, etc. - it had to be able to perform - in space and on the moon - faultlessly.

That's when fairy tales came true, as long as you believe in NASA's version.

So a company with the reputation and experience of Grumman were completely taken in by NASA's fraud, and didn't even know that their own product didn't actually do what they were told it did? unsure.gif
flyingswan
QUOTE (turbonium @ Jan 20 2008, 12:53 PM) *
Thinking about why Apollo's feats have never been matched in 40 years, I recalled something postie said awhile back about the Trieste, which is still baffling me. It was this..

"I have no idea whether the Trieste made it or not. My gut instinct, based on what I've read, says there is no reason to disbelieve it"

The problem I have is that there is an overwhelming reason to disbelieve in the Trieste story.

I really, really hope this isn't the start of a 200-page Trieste-hoax thread...

On the subject of not repeating things for decades, the second probe to the planet Mercury returned its first data this week. The first probe was in 1972/3. The third probe may get there around 2020.

I wouldn't put money on another probe visiting either Uranus or Neptune within 40 years of their first visits in 1986 and 1989.
the_UNKNOWN_DEAD
QUOTE (turbonium @ Jan 20 2008, 03:44 AM) *
And you forgot a major op - the upper-section LM lift-off from the moon.


It's called the ascent stage.

QUOTE
Entirely untested, and supposedly, it worked perfectly, the first time it was ever tried, with Apollo 11 !! Unbelievable!!


Totally unbelievable, and totally untrue...(cough...Apollo 9, Apollo 10)


Why should anyone take you seriously when you keep getting the VERY BASICS of the Moon landings so WRONG???
Fluffybunny
QUOTE (the_UNKNOWN_DEAD @ Jan 20 2008, 08:43 AM) *
It's called the ascent stage.



Totally unbelievable, and totally untrue...(cough...Apollo 9, Apollo 10)


Why should anyone take you seriously when you keep getting the VERY BASICS of the Moon landings so WRONG???

I dont think you understand. I have figured something out after all these years here...it isnt about the truth, or the facts, it is about the conspiricy. Some people just love conspiricies and stick with them in the face of mountains of evidence to the contrary. You can see it here with so many people, (not just picking on turbo here, it is something in general I have seen) who have gobs of information, but somehow miss the fundemental things that negate huge chunks of the conspiricy. Some folks here will only study the conspiricy and never the full subject; they only draw their information from ct sites so their data is so one sided it is painful. (again, not speaking of you turnonium but responding to the above question in a more general manner) It is really frustrating to deal with time and time again which is why I dont both for the most part. I just kind of shake my head when I read things that are so obviously misunderstood, yet claimed as fact...

But yet people still go round and round with hard core ct's that are obviously in love with conspiricies and nothing will change that. I dont get it. I figured out a long time ago that some people just love conspiricies so much that no amount of evidence will matter, you could put them in a rocket ship and personally take them to tranquility base and they still wouldnt believe what they were seeing and claim it was just recently planted. It is futile. Really. You arent going to change any hard core ct's opinion; I have watched you guys argue around in circles, pin people down on a specific point of the conspiricy and show them how it was wrong, only to have the matter come up again some time later worded differently.

It is like beating your head against a brick wall; it feels so good when you stop... tongue.gif

MID
QUOTE (Fluffybunny @ Jan 20 2008, 12:12 PM) *
I dont think you understand. I have figured something out after all these years here...it isnt about the truth, or the facts, it is about the conspiricy. Some people just love conspiricies and stick with them in the face of mountains of evidence to the contrary. You can see it here with so many people, (not just picking on turbo here, it is something in general I have seen) who have gobs of information, but somehow miss the fundemental things that negate huge chunks of the conspiricy. Some folks here will only study the conspiricy and never the full subject; they only draw their information from ct sites so their data is so one sided it is painful. (again, not speaking of you turnonium but responding to the above question in a more general manner) It is really frustrating to deal with time and time again which is why I dont both for the most part. I just kind of shake my head when I read things that are so obviously misunderstood, yet claimed as fact...



I think, Fluff, you have cut to the core of the frustration here...

We sit here and try to teach about the actual story...but no matter how far we go, we run into the wall of the CT who only wants to study the conspiracy...and doesn't want to learn about the actual facts, no matter how clearly they are presented, and no matter how many cherished illusions are crumbled...

...I have spoken to the aspect of "wanting to believe" before. That's a CT mindset that's really tough to convert into "wanting to know".

There is always, it seems, a way to attempt negation of the facts. They fail, of course, but the creativity in some of these attempts is indicative of a large amount of mental energy.

I wonder what would happen if that energy were actually used to study the program rather than to attempt to fortify a conspiracy that never existed, and couldn't possibly have existed...?


QUOTE
But yet people still go round and round with hard core ct's that are obviously in love with conspiricies and nothing will change that. I dont get it. I figured out a long time ago that some people just love conspiricies so much that no amount of evidence will matter, you could put them in a rocket ship and personally take them to tranquility base and they still wouldnt believe what they were seeing and claim it was just recently planted. It is futile. Really. You arent going to change any hard core ct's opinion; I have watched you guys argue around in circles, pin people down on a specific point of the conspiricy and show them how it was wrong, only to have the matter come up again some time later worded differently.

It is like beating your head against a brick wall; it feels so good when you stop... tongue.gif


Yes...it does seem futile, doesn't it?

Yet, I live for the question that may come up, and that moment when someone is stimulated to learn, and does it!

It's rare, but it's worth the effort put forth before. I rather like the feeling of someone learning something, and realizing that they've learned something. It may be one in a hundred...but one in a hundred means some success has been accomplished.

thumbsup.gif
MID
QUOTE (turbonium @ Jan 20 2008, 06:44 AM) *
Again, Grumman was not involved in the LM space tests, period. They only knew what NASA told them. Period. And the LM was not (could not) tested on Earth for the most primary, critical functions - landing, hovering, or upper-stage ascent, etc. - it had to be able to perform - in space and on the moon - faultlessly.

That's when fairy tales came true, as long as you believe in NASA's version.



All I can do is echo Swanny: You are dead wrong here.
Grumman was intimately involved with every single test of the LM. They were present not only in Bethpage, but at the Cape, and in the Manned Spacecraft Center...all the time, everytime a LM flew.

I am completely befuddled by your declarations of complete innaccuracy.

NASA and Grumman were joined at the hip during the whole duration of the Apollo program, every test, ground, and in flight, involved both of them intimately and cooperatively. Do you honestly think it could've occurred any other way?
itsnotoutthere
QUOTE (Fluffybunny @ Jan 20 2008, 05:12 PM) *
I dont think you understand. I have figured something out after all these years here...it isnt about the truth, or the facts, it is about the conspiricy. Some people just love conspiricies and stick with them in the face of mountains of evidence to the contrary. You can see it here with so many people, (not just picking on turbo here, it is something in general I have seen) who have gobs of information, but somehow miss the fundemental things that negate huge chunks of the conspiricy. Some folks here will only study the conspiricy and never the full subject; they only draw their information from ct sites so their data is so one sided it is painful. (again, not speaking of you turnonium but responding to the above question in a more general manner) It is really frustrating to deal with time and time again which is why I dont both for the most part. I just kind of shake my head when I read things that are so obviously misunderstood, yet claimed as fact...

But yet people still go round and round with hard core ct's that are obviously in love with conspiricies and nothing will change that. I dont get it. I figured out a long time ago that some people just love conspiricies so much that no amount of evidence will matter, you could put them in a rocket ship and personally take them to tranquility base and they still wouldnt believe what they were seeing and claim it was just recently planted. It is futile. Really. You arent going to change any hard core ct's opinion; I have watched you guys argue around in circles, pin people down on a specific point of the conspiricy and show them how it was wrong, only to have the matter come up again some time later worded differently.

It is like beating your head against a brick wall; it feels so good when you stop... tongue.gif



There you have it in a nutshell.
the_UNKNOWN_DEAD
QUOTE (Fluffybunny @ Jan 20 2008, 09:12 AM) *
It is futile. Really.


What is the alternative?...allow the CT's to spread their lies unopposed? I refuse to allow them that luxury.

QUOTE
You arent going to change any hard core ct's opinion...


Well, of course not...they're not the ones I'm posting to.

I post for the lurker who might not have the knowlege or experience to know any better, and is simply looking for a reasonable explanation. Given that explanation, he leaves here a bit smarter.

They are the ones I post for.



MID
QUOTE (LLL @ Jan 18 2008, 09:48 AM) *
the pressure will be a continuous pressure of a flow of gas , and i don't know that official pressure at all , but given the video of the landing (that i know are total fakes anyway) based on these video we should see a crater under these nozzle (less than 40 centimeters of the ground for most of them) , if you want the real official pressure , you need to know the density and velocity of the exhaust gas at exit nozzle at least , but nasa didn't say anything about this specification , because as always they lost every single technical specification of the historical masterpiece that allegedly landed man on the moon , how strange is this ?



This has got to be the most confusing line of questioning I've seen yet. "They've" lost every single piece of information on the LM; you know it's all a fake; there should be a crater beneath the LM...

It's gobbledygook.

Everything you wanted to know about the LM is available.

For instance:

You might want to try out this tiny little piece of the technical information and specifications regarding this "historical masterpiece".

...it was actually a technical masterpiece that helped make history.

Apollo LM OPS Handbook


Please note that this little "handbook" is 800 pages long. It's a little hard to lose this thing (they just can't hide everything)!
It has a little bit of information in it that you might be interested in, and that scratches the surface of what's out there concerning the LM.

It should occupy you for about 6 months, I should think. wink2.gif


When you're done sifting through that, you might be interested to know that the DPS engine (generally pushing 10 to 15% rated thrust at the time...maybe 1000-1500lbf) was cut off upon landing sensor contact, when the DPS nozzle exit was around 8 feet off the ground (oh, around 200-250 cm...not 40). The craft fell onto the surface from that point.

Additionally, the surface beneath the 1 to 4 inch dust layer (again, depending on where you might be on the Moon) was very hard, compacted to a high density, and no 1500 pound thrust engine could've blasted a crater in that (from 8 feet, or even less) nor could it have melted the ground (the 5000 degree cumbustion temperature cooled rapidly, being cut by about half at the exit of the DPS nozzle, and continuing to rapidly cool as the gasses rapidly dispersed in the vacuum).


Take a little time and study some of this "lost" information...huh?






badeskov
QUOTE (MID @ Jan 20 2008, 10:34 AM) *
Yes...it does seem futile, doesn't it?

Yet, I live for the question that may come up, and that moment when someone is stimulated to learn, and does it!

It's rare, but it's worth the effort put forth before. I rather like the feeling of someone learning something, and realizing that they've learned something. It may be one in a hundred...but one in a hundred means some success has been accomplished.

thumbsup.gif


Actually, while I never doubted that the moon landings actually happened, I have still learned a lot from lurking in the background here, so please keep it up thumbsup.gif

Cheers,
Badeskov
MID
QUOTE (badeskov @ Jan 20 2008, 06:04 PM) *
Actually, while I never doubted that the moon landings actually happened, I have still learned a lot from lurking in the background here, so please keep it up thumbsup.gif

Cheers,
Badeskov




Me too, Bade!

That's one of the great things about helping people understand something...(whether they actually do or not!)


You learn alot yourself!!!

thumbsup.gif
mrbusdriver
The "Apollo Believer" job is easy...we've done a little research and understand at least some science. We have seen virtually all of the hoax evidence, ad nauseum, on the youTube videos and the pamphlets. The hoax folks base virtually everything on "it looks like" and " it's impossible", using an Earth based paradigm. Apollo was an exercise in motivation. For those too young or unaware, we were in a societal competition, not entirely contrived, with an opposing nation. One we currently cooperate closely with, in space at least. There was a cold war, two superpowers, one claiming to "bury" the other. Somehow this becomes an impossible government conspiracy, based on technical impossibility and a government evil.
Somewhere along the way, the Moon as a goal come about. And America, being smacked by Spitnik, was "disturbed". (Expolrer 1, for what it's worth, was the first spaceceaft to do science in space). A program was developed to get Americans into space and to the Moon. Maybe not making spectacular firsts, but slowly and methodically developing the procedures and skills needed to land on the Moon.
And we did, in a "spindley" looking LM, fragile as hell, by Earth standards. But it was designed as the first true "space ship", intended for the alien space environment, and nothing more. Coccooned during launch, only to fly free in the vaccuum of space.
The engineering of such a space craft, by private companies according to NASA requirements, was executed over years, through innumerable planning and design meetings, heated arguments over basic design concepts, and interpersonal disagreements. A design evolved though this procss, as with any other major project. It could have turned out different, had one personality or idea dominated over another, but there was a engineering consensus reached, and we ended up with the LM we now know, and as history has shown, documented and accepted, it worked, As did the rest of the Apollo system.
There are crys of lack of documentation. Read a space technology textbook. Read a basic orbital mechanics primer. Read a basic physics textbook.Then, if so inclined, peruse the Internet. If you don't understand the science, then maybe that's why they call it "rocket science".
It's an exacting science, and errors in calculation or execition can have devastating consequences. No space flight, manned or unmanned, is by anymeans flawless, never has been. The technical debriefs of the Apollo missions are filled with complaints and concerns by the astronauts directly affected. As well as being test pilots and heros, they were flight test engineers...they took notes...in detail. They helped in designning the ships.
Before one crys "hoax" based on "it looks like" or a personal grudge, I would suggest a closer, more informed and "educated" look. I am by no definition a rocket science, but obviously know more than some. I understand orbital mechanics, and know the difference between the VAB and Chernobyl. These don't require a Masters or Doctorate.

Do your homework, we have. The hoax evidence is easy to find, and very shallow in it's substance. Know what you argue.
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