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I do not believe all the moral implications slowing or impeding cloning, stemcell research, etc. are religious in nature. I do not even believe a majority of the implications are due to religious considerations.
I am referring specifically to George W. Bush and his many references to God in the speeches he gives that deal with these topics.
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With stem cell research it is not a religious question that states human life may begin at conception. Is it acceptable to take one life to save another? The question is valid.
Also, with stem cells, there are alternative stem cells to embryonic stem cells. Researchers do believe there are other avenues that could prove just as useful. Further research is needed in this. If such is the case, then the above conflict could be avoided.
Embryos are not life. Adult stem cells are not as useful as embryonic stem cells, because they are pluripotent rather than totipotent. We would be well on our way to curing the possible diseases and ailments if federal funding was given for embryonic research, instead of wasting time with adult stem cells, which is
extremely over hyped in the news. The latest paper recently released is not all that hopeful in terms of adult stem cells. The issue that many people don't know about is that scientists involved in embryonic stem cell research wish to use embryos from invitro fertilization clinics, which were going to be thrown away anyway. Where are these embryos now? They are in a landfill, destroyed when they had the possibility to save countless millions. All due to George W. Bush's ignorance.
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With cloning there is the issue of creating a life that will be full of pain suffering. So far there have not been successful clones that lived neither a life pain and suffering or a short life. Is perfecting the process of cloning worth the possibility of these animals/people going through such a life?
You may state that such wouldn't be the case, that we would perfect it on one animal and move to the next, but this is not the case thus far. Up to this point in time cloning presents a new set of complications for each new species upon which it is attempted.
Those scientists involved in cloning aren't as concerned with developing a full fledged human as they are individual organs. These organs alone are not living organisms. There is no moral problem here.
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There are other considerations as well, but these are a couple of the stronger ones. I understand these issues as I took courses in biotechnology and ethical concerns related to the fireld.
A good short concise read on the subject of ethics and cloning is - Human Cloning: Report and Recommendations of the National Bioethics Advisory Commission
I already know the issues, as I deal with them on a daily basis in my lab and participate in peer discussions on these topics with other scientists.