QUOTE (Doug1o29 @ May 5 2008, 12:28 PM)

For openers, there's Tamerlane who used terror as a weapon against civilian populations. Then there's the Moorish conquest of Spain followed by the 700-year Reconquista. There's the Rashidun and Ummayid dynasties that spread Islam by the sword. There's the entire history of the Turkish Ottoman Empire. Note that whenever the Arabs invaded, there followed an initial period of art, culture and enlightenment as native people, freed from their past oppression, produced a rennaisance. After several centuries, however, as these areas were fully converted to Islam, the rennaisance died and art, culture and learning faded. Sorry, Ozi, but you asked.
In all fairness, the spreading of Islam "by the sword" was not as common as popularly believed in the west. It was used mostly against those who made the mistake of fighting after having been offered the chance to surrender. If the invaded country/territory surrendered peacefully, the Muslim conquerors were usually quite generous and allowed them to continue their own ways and keep their own religions; although, efforts to persuade them to voluntarily adopt Islam continued.
Many prisoners of war, in order to avoid execution or sale into slavery, became instant Muslims. All they needed to do was say "I believe there is but one God, Allah, and Muhammed is his Prophet." "I believe there is but one God, Allah, and Muhammed is his Prophet." Say it three times and you were a Muslim and, hopefully, would be granted better treatment. As I have already said it twice, if you want to know what I said, go back and read it for yourself. This is likely the source of many "by the sword" accounts.
Were Muslims involved in the slave trade? Arab bedouins kept slaves as late as the 1930s. "Skeletons on the Saqara" is a book about shipwrecked Americans who were kidnapped and sold as slaves in the 19th century. So is "The Tradgedy of the Korosko."
Slave traders didn't always accord a person special treatment just because they were Muslim. Many Muslims were also sold as slaves; usually, these were enemies taken in battle, but sometimes they were prisoners captured on slave raids.
Doug