QUOTE (Kryso @ May 26 2008, 09:23 AM)

Didn't the angels come down and breed with mortal man, and sire giant offspring? Who lauded over mankind, and this being one of the reasons the Flood came?
Some believe this due to various
biblical scriptures and also the
Book of Enoch. There are also other theories such as Zacharia Sitchen's and even New Agers, some not all, believe that aliens have helped us once and will return soon to do so again.
QUOTE (Keoshin @ May 26 2008, 03:27 PM)

Interesting thread... You'll worship the anti-christ when he comes. Unless you're an intelligent being. So 99.99999999999999999% of us are screwed.
If the Beast of Revelation appears and people follow it it will have nothing to do with intelligence. Intelligent people will follow it.
QUOTE (cerberusxp @ Jun 10 2008, 05:24 AM)

I'm pretty sure all these gods were just planets. The Greeks likened to the the planets as gods. Zeus being Saturn etc. etc. Phaethon which means "blazing star" was Venus before it became a planet. This was while it was still a comet. Or rather a celestial body roaming. If you read Plato and other works before they describe more of what the people witnessed in the sky and heavens.
Actually we have good reason to believe that this type of association came after the gods and goddesses were already developed and not the reason why they were developed. Surely though many of the attributes that were added on after the creation of the gods themselves were added through this celestial association and without such association the gods might not have some of the attributed they do have.
QUOTE
The first philosophical cosmologists reacted against, or sometimes built upon, popular mythical conceptions that had existed in the Greek world for some time. Some of these popular conceptions can be gleaned from the poetry of Homer and Hesiod. In Homer, the Earth was viewed as a flat disk afloat on the river of Oceanus and overlooked by a hemispherical sky with sun, moon and stars. The Sun (Helios) traversed the heavens as a charioteer and sailed around the Earth in a golden bowl at night. Sun, earth, heaven, rivers, and winds could be addressed in prayers and called to witness oaths. Natural fissures were popularly regarded as entrances to the subterranean house of Hades, home of the dead.[28]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_mythologyWhile cosmology does not create gods it makes sense that those wishing to explain the origins of the universe will revert to explaining it by using their gods as the creators. It is also something of an interaction because the gods according to some were developed by man anthropomorphizing natural phenomena. So wind was seen as a god then in turn when explaining how the wind came to be we used the wind god in some witty story as an example.
In the book "Behind the Crystal Ball: Magic, Science, and the Occult from Antiquity through the New Age" by Anthony Aveni he writes this about Aristotle, who used 'a form of logic to account for everything that happened in this highly ordered world. Motion, for example, was caused by the tendency of all objects to acquire a state of rest, to go to their natural place: earth to earth, water to water and so on. This explains why why a stone once removed from its earthly abode falls downward through the air to get back to earth. It rains because water displaced to the air above it seeks to return to its natural place...' (p 20) and then Aveni goes on to mention Greek astrologers:
QUOTE
Aristotle, too, endowed the elements with personae by the desire he claimed each of them possesses to return to home base. And even though all the stars are composed of the same element, they are at the same time superintelligent gods and they are capable of exerting a rational influence on those of us who live life beneath them. To put it simply, Aristotle firmly believed in the "as above, so below" principle on which all astrology is founded.
If astronomers deal with the motion of the stars, then astrologers study the effects those motions have upon our lived. The astrologer thinks of parts of an animate universe in the same sense that we might regard the living red and white corpuscles that make up our blood to be a part of our bodies. According to this analogy, our bodies here below are the microcosm of a living intelligent universe-the macrocosm there above.
Though the Greeks developed the system of astrology whose remains still touch us through tabloid and telephone, the basic idea behind it can be traced all the way back to an old Chaldean scheme. It says that celestial destiny is the result of the complex interaction of sky spirits, whose influence touches us through the energy their rays give off. We mortals of the lower world vibrate sympathetically in response to these celestial emanations. The strength of this radiation depends on where the celestial luminary or source lies in the sky and the time of year or night the emanator rises and sets.
<snipped: a small foray into how astrology was believed to affect every human attribute>
It is easy to see how the character traits and behavior of people came to be mirrored in the qualities perceivable in nature. For example, the fast-moving, changeable planet, Mercury, which always lay close to the earth, acquired a flighty lighthearted temperament because he is so hard to pin down. Why is Venus (Ishtar to the Chaldeans, Aphrodite to the Greeks) the love goddess? Because her extreme swings of position between evening and morning star led to her characterization as a fickle woman-capable of the lowest, most reprehensible debauchery as well as the highest form of pure love. She carried the full spectrum of femininity as conceived in the male (sexists by our modern thinking) Chaldean mind; she became the celestially personified role model-good or bad-of femininity in the extreme. We can still feel the dull, heavy, gray tones of the "saturnine one" if we carefully watch his planet (the slowest moving of all) plod slowly along the highway of the stars, and we recognize the fiery red, warlike character of the "martial deity". These sky gods emerge as characters not unlike our modern movie, TV, or comic-book heroes whose human qualities-sexuality, goodness and evil, strength and prowess-are magnified to extremes. (p 21-22)
Now we can clearly see how the deities, especially the sky gods, came to be closely aligned to the celestial but this does not explain how the concept of divinity came to be construed in the first place. Clearly the earliest humans were not concerned with sitting idly by and watching the stars, such a pastime or endeavor is only possible after mankind had conquered the natural world around them, from the onset it was a struggle of man vs nature, and in this struggle, hunting, seeking shelter, and losing loved ones in a dangerous world allowed the first forms of religion develop. The wiki article on the development of religion touches on this briefly.
QUOTE
The first settled societies came into existence that would later develop into the first states. It is during this stage that religion is transformed from traditional forms of ancestor worship and shamanism to the religious institution characteristic of state societies. Writing was invented 4000 years ago, and the first religious texts were written shortly after.[14]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development_of_religionOnce society became specialized and more settled then astrology, cosmology, and reanalyzation of the divinity was able to occur. One of the most important roles of astrologers though was to solely explain how the cosmos affect either the national interests, the original Chaldean model, and the later the personal interests of the people, the Greek innovation, and Aveni also comments on this:
QUOTE
Astrologers of old also were involuntarily diviners. They interpreted celestial phenomena-the sudden appearance of a comet, a total eclipse of the sun, or any other unusual combination of sightings: "When a halo surrounds the Moon and Mars stands within it, there will be a destruction of cattle-[the city of] Abarru will be diminished," reads an omen on a Babylonian tablet. (p 15)
Unlike the Babylonians, whose astrology was concerned with what might befall an entire state depending on what was happening in the sky, the Greeks-reared in a more democratic system-believed that everyone should have his or her own personal horoscope. (p 22)
And we can see from history that urban civilization began in Mesopotamia and that is where man was able for the first time to relax, kick back, look up to the stars and wonder, making those connections to the earlier developed gods, maybe even developing new ones, but it was not until the Greeks where the star gods took on more personal attributes. The business of religion when it came to these specialized gods was no longer the monopoly of the state but was so an individual could pick which gods or goddesses they wished to follow believing they had influence on their personal lives.
Now back to the Greeks and the development of the star gods. The first stories that we have where the star gods have personalities is with the Greeks and this is some time after the development of the pantheon of gods, which themselves are a development of empire building where as one city ruled another and another, each of those cities gods became merged in one pantheon. Another book in my collection entitled "Star Myths - Of The Greeks and Romans: A Sourcebook" by Theony Condos where she offers the translated works originally attributed to Eratosthenes,
Catasterismi aka "The Constellations", and Hyginus'
Poeticon Astronomicon aka "Poetic Astronomy", which have entries regarding several constellations and planets, then she adds her own commentary. This is what she has to say in the introduction of this book regarding the development of celestial mythology.
QUOTE
It would appear, then, that while the works of Aratus and his predecessors described the locations of the constellation figures in the sky, it was Eratosthenes who first systematically assembled mythological material associated with each of the constellation figures. The only work of similar intent by a classical author is the Poeticon Astronomica or De Astronomia (hereafter Poetic Astronomy) attributed to Hyginus, the librarian of of Augustus and author of the Fabulae, a compendium of classical myths. The date and attribution of the Poetic Astronomy have both been contested; however, a recent editor of the Poetic Astronomy argues convincingly that similarities in content between it and the Fabulae, along with the absence of astrological allusions in the Poetic Astronomy, point both to a common authorship and to a date of composition before astrology became fashionable in Rome, i.e., a few years B.C.E. If that date is accurate then Hyginus's work may have antedated The Constellations, and his repeated citing of Eratosthenes as source in the Poetic Astronomy may well be a reference to the original Catasterismi of Eratosthenes.
The earliest Greek references to constellations are found in Homer, who describes as follows the intricate decorative scenes depicted on the shield that the god Hephaestus forged for Achilles:
<snipped: quotes from the Illiad 18.483-92, 509-12. tr R. Lattimore and the Odyssey 5.269-75. tr. R. Lattimore are omitted as well as commentary by Condos>
There is no explicit reference to constellation myths in Homer; however, there are two oblique references, both with reference to the Bear (Ursa Major), which is said "to keep a watchful eye" on Orion, who as a hunter is presumably on the lookout for prey. Homer also refers to the fact the the Bear, uniquely, does not set-i.e., is always visible above the horizon-implying that there is a reason for this unique phenomenon. (p 20-21)
Condos goes on to basically to explore Hesiod's works but also concluded that 'modern scholars have been for the most part unable to detect any traced of constellation myths in the extant works of Hesiod, or to determine whether any such myths were included in the lost work entitled
Astronomia, which is attributed to Hessiod.' (p 23)
We have every reason therefore to believe that the study or anthropomorphizing of the stars were not the reason why the gods and goddesses of mythology came to be. When they were anthromorphized though that added a powerful dimension I feel was readily accepted by the ancients and still lives on today even in phrases such as 'if I am lying may God strike me dead' which originally was an allusion to Zeus who wielded lightning bolts and also interestingly enough was who people swore on to in the courts of that era.
Now it is highly theoretical and cannot be proven by scholastic efforts that the archetype of the gods of mythology were once living, walking beings. But many of us suspect that is the case. I hope this helps and it did take a bit of time to transcribe the quotes above from those two books but if they can be of use to offer knowledge to others at least they will not just be sitting on my bookshelf. If interested in the knowledge of the ancients though I highly recommend the book "Star Myths".
Further a final quote from wiki:
QUOTE
Catasterismi records the mature and definitive development of a long process: the Hellenes' assimilation of a Mesopotamian zodiac, transmitted through Persian interpreters and translated and harmonized with the known terms of Greek mythology. A fundamental effort in this translation was the application of Greek mythic nomenclature to designate individual stars, both asterisms like the Pleiades and Hyades, and the constellations. In Classical Greece, the "wandering stars" and the gods who directed them were separate entities, as for Plato; in Hellenistic culture, the association became an inseparable identification, so that Apollo, no longer the regent of the Sun, actually was Helios (Seznec 1981, pp 37–40).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CatasterismiQUOTE (weareallsuckers @ Jun 10 2008, 06:39 AM)

Wiki - Greek Mythology
"Some scholars believe that behind Heracles' complicated mythology there was probably a real man, perhaps a chieftain-vassal of the kingdom of Argos. Some scholars suggest the story of Heracles is an allegory for the sun's yearly passage through the twelve constellations of the zodiac"
Seems it is even confusing for the scholars! I think the later hero Gods may have developed from real people.
BUT having had more of a think about it and a good reread of Wiki, I would be inclined to think they were based on not only planets but natural phenomena and the more I read the more it seems that this explanation is the most likely.
"They used myth to explain natural phenomena, cultural variations, traditional enmities and friendships."
This all fell into place for me now, I'm glad you rejogged me on that because I have spent all day researching whether Troy is even Troy and whether the Trojan War took place. The thing that was puzzling me is that Calchas is engraved on an Etruscan plate dated 5th century BC, now Calchas was suppose to be the one who prophecised the Greeks would win the war after 9 years. How could he be around in 1200BC when the Trojan War is supposed to have gone down? (Not that Calchas was a God).