An expedition from the University of Washington is to use the submersible Alvin to take the first samples from the formation of 18-storey-high hydrothermal vents in the mid-Atlantic.
Formed by superheated water seeping out of the seafloor, the strange structures are made in a different way from other known hydrothermal vents.
It could be home to new forms of life and it could shed new light on the origin of life on the Earth and on other worlds as well.