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The Past Environment of Cydonia
The morphology of the terraces seems to say much about the geologic environment of this area of Cydonia. The continuity of the terraces suggests that they may have been formed in part as erosional features and may reflect evidence of wave-cut benching. Since several of the terraces appear to encircle the central core of the landform, the landform may have been an "island" in the midst of a paleo-lake at some time in the Martian past and the landform may have been modified by both aerial and subaerial geologic processes. The identification of the four distinct terraces at varying elevations suggests that periods of regression and transgression occurred and that the lake was not a constant feature.
The horizontal continuity of several distinct "outcrops" at the tops of the terraces suggests that the form of the terraces may also be structurally controlled because of the composition of the sediments and their resistance to erosion. The rills suggest that the landform is composed of coarse-grained sedimentary rocks, which would have been deposited in some "other" Martian environment prior to the formation of the lake. The rills also suggest that the landform was eroded by precipitation and surface runoff.
Though the new MGS image of "The Face" has been compared to "any mesa one might see in the western United States from an airplane," a detailed analysis as shown in this paper, indicates that statement to be both premature and prosaic. The landform appears to be the product of heterogeneous lithologies rather than one specific rock type. Evidence of other erosional and structural elements suggests that "The Face" is a complex feature resulting from a variety of geologic processes, rather than a homogenous, volcanic knob eroded to its present form. This is not a surprising conclusion since layered rocks have been noted in some MGS images, suggesting that sedimentary processes may have been occurring on Mars over a great span of time.
The morphology of the terraces seems to say much about the geologic environment of this area of Cydonia. The continuity of the terraces suggests that they may have been formed in part as erosional features and may reflect evidence of wave-cut benching. Since several of the terraces appear to encircle the central core of the landform, the landform may have been an "island" in the midst of a paleo-lake at some time in the Martian past and the landform may have been modified by both aerial and subaerial geologic processes. The identification of the four distinct terraces at varying elevations suggests that periods of regression and transgression occurred and that the lake was not a constant feature.
The horizontal continuity of several distinct "outcrops" at the tops of the terraces suggests that the form of the terraces may also be structurally controlled because of the composition of the sediments and their resistance to erosion. The rills suggest that the landform is composed of coarse-grained sedimentary rocks, which would have been deposited in some "other" Martian environment prior to the formation of the lake. The rills also suggest that the landform was eroded by precipitation and surface runoff.
Though the new MGS image of "The Face" has been compared to "any mesa one might see in the western United States from an airplane," a detailed analysis as shown in this paper, indicates that statement to be both premature and prosaic. The landform appears to be the product of heterogeneous lithologies rather than one specific rock type. Evidence of other erosional and structural elements suggests that "The Face" is a complex feature resulting from a variety of geologic processes, rather than a homogenous, volcanic knob eroded to its present form. This is not a surprising conclusion since layered rocks have been noted in some MGS images, suggesting that sedimentary processes may have been occurring on Mars over a great span of time.
There have been recent tantalizing clues that Mars may have been a far more "watery" world in it's past than initially suspected, this information seems to fit nicely with that hypothesis.
