http://www.iqnewsnet.com/displaysubl.asp?cat=M&year=2004The magnetoelastic sensor technology used for security tags on merchandise in stores can also be exploited to make very cheap passive underskin sensors to measure the blood sugar level of diabetic patients. The magnetoelastic material is coated with a polymer that responds to changes in acidity and with a second coating of glucose oxidase. The glucose oxidase reacts with blood glucose to produce an acid that causes the polymer to swell, changing the frequency of the sensor when it is excited by a magnetic field. According to the researchers, the technology also shows promise for monitoring environmental toxins and bioterrorism agents such as ricin. [S][M]
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Japanese researchers have developed electronic skin to give robots a sense of touch. It consists of a sheet of rubbery polymer, impregnated with flakes of electrically conducting graphite. The electrical resistance of the sheet changes when it is squeezed, and this change is detected by an array of transistors beneath the rubber to sense pressure and its location. The researchers are hoping to also give the skin sensitivity to temperature and humidity. Other possible applications are for pressure mats and seat covers, for example to distinguish individuals by their footfall, to monitor training, posture, pressure and alertness, and as home telehealthcare sensors. [S][A][B][D][H][M][U][V]
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Rapid prototyping machines have now become so sophisticated that it is possible to print devices with moving parts. Machines driven from CT scanners can produce a great range of parts for reconstructive surgery, such as teeth, bones and hip joints. The technology has now reached the stage where it is a realistic prospect to print whole body organs, building them up by arranging individual cells one layer at a time. [W][H][M][N][R][T]
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Researchers have proposed that silicon should be able to form into nanostructures similar to carbon buckyballs. They predict through modelling that several hundred silicon atoms can join to form a nanometre-sized icosahedral particle, a 20-sided polyhedron. Because they are more symmetrical than crystalline nanoparticles, the icosahedral nanoparticles should have more well defined quantum levels, behaving like artificial atom that could be the basis for better light sources and detectors. [N][M][O][S]
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Researchers at Cambridge University have grown unusual silicon carbide nanostructures in the form of nanoflowers, nanotrees and nanobouquets. Apart from their remarkable beauty, the structures may also have useful properties including being highly water repellent. [N][M]
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Research at Argonne National Laboratory has shown that films of the lead titanate remain ferroelectric down to a thickness of just 1.2 nanometres. This suggests that, contrary to previous findings, there is no fundamental limit to the thinness of crystals that can exhibit ferroelectricity. This could enable the memory density of ferroelectric nonvolatile memory (Fe-RAM) to be increased by at least a factor 100. At present Fe-RAM is limited to low density applications, such as smart cards. High-density Fe-RAM might be suitable for personal computers and handheld devices, and would also be faster than the FLASH memory used in digital cameras and memory sticks. [N][J][M][V]
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An eco-friendly way of "growing" metal for circuitry or antennas has been developed by QinetiQ. The metal printing technique replaces conventional copper etching by using a special ink which attracts metals. It means antennas for tiny mobiles or radio frequency identification (RFID) tags can be made cheaply and quickly. [M][I][R][W]
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Silicon carbide MEMS templates 40 to 100 microns across can achieve temperatures of 1100 degrees, providing compact high temperature furnaces. Applications include oxygen and engine emission sensors, chemical vapour deposition chambers and micro-reactors. [M][J][P][S]