QUOTE(brave_new_world @ Feb 23 2007, 05:48 PM) [snapback]1555937[/snapback]
There is no such thing as a mutually exclusive opposite. I dont think there was ever a time we didnt believe in the supernatural. No civilization has ever been founded on atheism. And as far as I know all tribal peoples around the world of different beliefs and unbeliefs always held a supernatural element in them.
Atheism is the same except minus the supernatural element. It still qualifies as a religion.
advanced civilizations, no. that is because in order for there to be the time for such civilizations to be developed, there had to be long-running binding elements to provide stability (there is your religion).
before these civilizations rose, we had more primative beliefs,
before that, we had the primative of "creating order",
before that we had a lack of belief in such order,
and with that, we had no attributions to "higher orders".
higher orders are a primative.
explcit atheism is the product of the continual development of mankind.
an appeal to authority was needed to get us to where we are,
but we no longer need that appeal to proceed further.
this is why we are living in a period of change,
as society progresses from being controlled by these long-running elements,
to more rapidly changing paradigms,
under which, the surface will become more stable, but the roots of society will change far, far faster.
(day to day life will essentially remain the same, but the views that people hold will adapt to new knowledge with greater rapidity)
think of it this way,
we once did not have fire,
then we had fire, but we could not start fire readily ourselves.
then we discovered ways to start fire ourselves, but still relied on inefficient methods as we did not fully understand fire.
now we can start fire with greater efficiency through optimized fuel mixtures (rather than relying on fuels as naturally found).
Just as we no longer have to wait for fire to be ignited by nature to have it,
we no longer have to appeal to mystical authorities to hold our societies together.
(it is rather recent in man's history that we even developed the ability to realize the voice we hear in our heads is self-generated and not something external talking to us).