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Blue_army
The Nazca Lines a series of geoglyphs located in the Nazca Desert, a high arid plateau that stretches 53 miles or more than 80 kilometers between the towns of Nazca and Palpa on the Pampas de Jumana in Peru. They were created by the Nazca culture between 200 BC and 700 AD. There are hundreds of individual figures, ranging in complexity from simple lines to stylized hummingbirds, spiders, monkeys, and lizards. The Nazca lines cannot be recognized as coherent figures except from the air. Since it is presumed the Nazca people could never have seen their work from this vantage point, there has been much speculation on the builders' abilities and motivations.

I get a picture and what you think?

[edit] Alternative theories

This glyph of a dog is one of the more complex Nazca lines (needs picture). Like all of the Nazca lines, it can only be seen from the air.Another theory involves the work of David Johnson. Johnson has spent long hours researching the Nazca Lines and their apparent connection with underground waterways. Johnson has allegedly used dowsing to track these water tunnels and claims that the lines indicate whether the ground contains water or not. The areas with the most geoglyphs are purportedly centered around areas with high amounts of underground water and are usually close to wells and other on-land water sources. A suggestion Johnson makes is the fact that the inhabitants living in such a dry land would spend a significant portion of their time searching for water sources. By creating a giant, full-scale map they would know exactly where to find their water no matter what area of the desert they were in. The geoglyphs would then be religious figures for the gods or names given for each water source.[1]

Kosok and Reiche advanced one of the earliest reasons given for the Nazca Lines: that they were intended to point to the places on the distant horizon where the Sun and other celestial bodies rose or set. This hypothesis was evaluated by two different experts in archaeoastronomy, Gerald Hawkins and Anthony Aveni, and they both concluded that there was insufficient evidence to support an astronomical explanation.

Notwithstanding Gerald Hawkins' and Anthony Aveni's dismissal of an astronomical explanation of the Nazca Lines and geoglyphs, eclipsologist Robin Edgar has theorized that the Nazca Lines, particularly the biomorph geoglyphs that depict animals, human figures, birds and "flowers" are almost certainly an ancient response to the so-called "Eye of God" that is manifested in the sky during a total solar eclipse. An unusual series of total solar eclipses over southern Peru coincided with the time period during which the Nazca Lines and geoglyphs were created. The totally eclipsed sun distinctly resembles the pupil and iris of a gigantic eye looking down from the sky thus providing an explanation as to why the Nazca Indians created gigantic geoglyph artworks that are best viewed by an "Eye in the Sky".

Some (for example Jim Woodmann) have proposed that the Nazcan lines presuppose some form of manned flight (in order to see them) and that a hot air balloon was the only possible available technology. Woodmann actually made a hot air balloon from materials and using techniques that would have been available to people at the time in order to test this hypothesis. The balloon flew (after a fashion) demonstrating that this hypothesis was possible, but there is no hard evidence either way.

Another theory contends that the lines are the remains of "walking temples," where a large group of worshipers walked along a preset pattern dedicated to a particular holy entity, similar to the practice of labyrinth walking. Residents of the local villages say the ancient Indians conducted rituals on these giant drawings to thank the gods and to ensure that water would continue to flow from the Andes. This take on the Nazca lines' purpose and importance is far more likely, as it correlates with the purposes of other North American geoglyphs. It also ties in with the extensive network of underground canals and waterways found dating from the same period.

Perhaps the most controversial theory was put forward by Erich von Däniken in his book Chariots of the Gods, who proposed that the lines were in fact landing strips for alien spacecraft. His argument is similar to Woodman's, claiming that the designs are so large and complex that they could only have been constructed using flying machines.

jaylemurph
Well, von Daniken is a known liar, so I'd be cautious in believing him.

I think it's much more likely to a be a landing port of the Golden Condor and Esteban, Zia and Tau.

--Jaylemurph
Blue_army
I agree you on that one.
RabidCat
As with all ancient evidence, the question that must be asked with any and all theories pertains to context.
Obviously the lines exist. Also obviously, we know little of who made the lines. Also obviously, the two sciences involved seem to be incapable of accepting all evidence extant in the area, and of the civilizations that inhabited the geographical locations. Whatever anyone claims, OOPART exists, and until said is accepted and placed into the context, the totality cannot be understood.
Such nonsense as experiments using hot air balloons that could have been made by those people are fairly ridiculous, simply because of the possibility that the inhabitants possibly knew of the principles of heavier than air flight. The OOPART of the Americas is indicative that the awareness of flight existed here, perhaps long before the civilization in Egypt. Make no mistake, the so-called "bird replicas" imply much more than simply stylized birds: the models found in Egypt have vertical tails, not horizontal tails, and to make that jump (from horizontal found naturally to vertical, completely man-made) implies that those involved knew something of flight control. Similar objects have been found in Mexico, Central and South America, more likely pre-dating the Egyptian finds by several millenia. I realize that this subject is arguable, but the simple dismissal of science of such finds seems idiotic to me. Being reasonably well trained in the sciences, I find it hard to believe that such evidence is simply discarded, or debunked as fake when all pertinent information supports the conclusion that those civilizations knew much more than we think, or are willing to admit, they knew.
People such as von Daniken seem to be taken with flights of fancy (pun intended), and we can read their works as entertainment; personally, I tend to place many of the writings of archaeology and anthropology into the same classification, since seldom do the writers wish to place ALL evidence into the context of the situation.
wterrietw
QUOTE(eric_13 @ May 18 2007, 04:22 PM) [snapback]1681956[/snapback]
The Nazca Lines a series of geoglyphs located in the Nazca Desert, a high arid plateau that stretches 53 miles or more than 80 kilometers between the towns of Nazca and Palpa on the Pampas de Jumana in Peru. They were created by the Nazca culture between 200 BC and 700 AD. There are hundreds of individual figures, ranging in complexity from simple lines to stylized hummingbirds, spiders, monkeys, and lizards. The Nazca lines cannot be recognized as coherent figures except from the air. Since it is presumed the Nazca people could never have seen their work from this vantage point, there has been much speculation on the builders' abilities and motivations.

I get a picture and what you think?

[edit] Alternative theories

This glyph of a dog is one of the more complex Nazca lines (needs picture). Like all of the Nazca lines, it can only be seen from the air.Another theory involves the work of David Johnson. Johnson has spent long hours researching the Nazca Lines and their apparent connection with underground waterways. Johnson has allegedly used dowsing to track these water tunnels and claims that the lines indicate whether the ground contains water or not. The areas with the most geoglyphs are purportedly centered around areas with high amounts of underground water and are usually close to wells and other on-land water sources. A suggestion Johnson makes is the fact that the inhabitants living in such a dry land would spend a significant portion of their time searching for water sources. By creating a giant, full-scale map they would know exactly where to find their water no matter what area of the desert they were in. The geoglyphs would then be religious figures for the gods or names given for each water source.[1]

Kosok and Reiche advanced one of the earliest reasons given for the Nazca Lines: that they were intended to point to the places on the distant horizon where the Sun and other celestial bodies rose or set. This hypothesis was evaluated by two different experts in archaeoastronomy, Gerald Hawkins and Anthony Aveni, and they both concluded that there was insufficient evidence to support an astronomical explanation.

Notwithstanding Gerald Hawkins' and Anthony Aveni's dismissal of an astronomical explanation of the Nazca Lines and geoglyphs, eclipsologist Robin Edgar has theorized that the Nazca Lines, particularly the biomorph geoglyphs that depict animals, human figures, birds and "flowers" are almost certainly an ancient response to the so-called "Eye of God" that is manifested in the sky during a total solar eclipse. An unusual series of total solar eclipses over southern Peru coincided with the time period during which the Nazca Lines and geoglyphs were created. The totally eclipsed sun distinctly resembles the pupil and iris of a gigantic eye looking down from the sky thus providing an explanation as to why the Nazca Indians created gigantic geoglyph artworks that are best viewed by an "Eye in the Sky".

Some (for example Jim Woodmann) have proposed that the Nazcan lines presuppose some form of manned flight (in order to see them) and that a hot air balloon was the only possible available technology. Woodmann actually made a hot air balloon from materials and using techniques that would have been available to people at the time in order to test this hypothesis. The balloon flew (after a fashion) demonstrating that this hypothesis was possible, but there is no hard evidence either way.

Another theory contends that the lines are the remains of "walking temples," where a large group of worshipers walked along a preset pattern dedicated to a particular holy entity, similar to the practice of labyrinth walking. Residents of the local villages say the ancient Indians conducted rituals on these giant drawings to thank the gods and to ensure that water would continue to flow from the Andes. This take on the Nazca lines' purpose and importance is far more likely, as it correlates with the purposes of other North American geoglyphs. It also ties in with the extensive network of underground canals and waterways found dating from the same period.

Perhaps the most controversial theory was put forward by Erich von Däniken in his book Chariots of the Gods, who proposed that the lines were in fact landing strips for alien spacecraft. His argument is similar to Woodman's, claiming that the designs are so large and complex that they could only have been constructed using flying machines.

Blue_army
Yeah but how can they make something so huge that it can only be seen in the skY?
louie
And rember there are other images of animals and humans that can only been seen from the sky around the world. were these people somehow connected. the candstick in south america, white horse england, spider in north america. if you google you can find more.
TheBlackMamba
QUOTE(eric_13 @ May 20 2007, 01:04 AM) [snapback]1684277[/snapback]
Yeah but how can they make something so huge that it can only be seen in the skY?



I think the why they made them is more important than how, which currently there seems to be more than one theory to... It's interesting, though.
lyousef
Hey all,

Just been doing a bit of reading on Maria Reiché's theory of these lines pointing to eclipses, solstices and other astronomical features. Haven't gone into too much depth with it, but it would maybe make sense. Could explain why the Incan's were a very calendrical and time based civilization and that they developed this from the Nazcan culture. Although am trying to find out a it more about the nazcan culture but there isn't much out there. Any thought.

I totally agree with you though TheBlackMamba in more should be focused on the why rather then the how although maybe the how would lead to an answer of why and vice versa......
The Puzzler
I think they are fascinating and find this information on how a reality:
"In any case, one does not need a very sophisticated technology to create large figures, geometrical shapes, and straight lines, as has been shown by the creators of so-called crop circles. The Nazca probably used grids for their giant geoglyphs, as their weavers did for their elaborate designs and patterns. The most difficult part of the project would have been moving all the stones and earth to reveal the lighter subsoil. There really is nothing mysterious about how the Nazca created their lines and figures.

Some think it is mysterious that the figures have remained intact for so many hundreds of years. However, the geology of the area solves that mystery.

Stones (not sand) comprise the desert surface. Rusted by humidity, their darkened color increases heat absorption. The resulting cushion of warm surface air acts as a buffer against the wind; while minerals in the soil help to solidify the stones. On the "desert pavement" thus created in this dry, rainless environment, erosion is practically nil - making for remarkable preservation of the markings."

But why? I believe that they were not for human eyes to see but for the Gods to see to help them with their crops. A type of gift or offering for them in return for help with thier crop yields. Since the Nazca were an agricultural society that looked to superstition and religion for help in a harsh environment for it sort of makes sense to me.
itsnotoutthere
I changed channels as soon as you mentioned Erik Von Daniken, sorry.
Pax Unum
We’ll probably never know why the Nazca people made the various lines and shapes (possibly to get the Gods to cause rain for their crops), researchers have reproduced the figures using the technology available to the Nazca Indians. With careful planning and simple technologies, a small team of individuals could recreate even the largest figures within a couple of days...
Urisk
If i remember are they not just well-placed rocks? It's quite amazing how they've been unchanged for so long.


QUOTE(jaylemurph @ May 18 2007, 10:31 PM) [snapback]1681968[/snapback]
Well, von Daniken is a known liar, so I'd be cautious in believing him.

I think it's much more likely to a be a landing port of the Golden Condor and Esteban, Zia and Tau.

--Jaylemurph


haha! laugh.gif

Memories. original.gif

QUOTE(louie @ May 20 2007, 10:25 AM) [snapback]1684298[/snapback]
And rember there are other images of animals and humans that can only been seen from the sky around the world. were these people somehow connected. the candstick in south america, white horse england, spider in north america. if you google you can find more.



I think there's another white horse somewhere round Strichen in Scotland.
Trophydan
How are the Nazca lines an oopart, considering that they seem conspicously to exhibit local fauna. An ancient depiction of a monkey or hummingbird in South America can hardly be termed 'out of place'. The prevailing scientific opinion (which hasn't been posted) are that these are images of constellations, which probably had religious significance to the people of this region at that time. I also think that you can't discount that these are works of art, made by an ancient artist. Modern artists work on any scale they wish, immense or miniscule. I doubt creative types in ancient times were that significantly different then those born today.
Blue_army
yeah but this is like when the fisrt man apperd.
Cyaneyed
QUOTE(eric_13 @ May 27 2007, 05:42 PM) [snapback]1696421[/snapback]
yeah but this is like when the fisrt man apperd.


In South America? I believe the consensus is Africa, unless I missed something recent.
mentalman
Click to view attachment
louie
i just watched a show, and they were flying over th lines, then it came to the symbol they call the astronaut and i noticed its marked on the side of a steep hill , wich means the theory that the lines were created by people doing cerominal walks. because they couldent walk up the face of the hill, so then why is that one marked there an can only be seen from the sky.
apollyon
when I looked into this I heard all the usual nonsense,
heres what I discovered
1) all the figures can be viewed from the nearby mountains
2) it is not a mystery who made them the local indians did it and the animals can be seen in their pottery which dates back as old as the lines
3) the local indians use the lines today as someone already mentioned as prayer paths, they claim this is the reason the lines are there but no one listens to their answer

so really
there is no mystery here that I can see
the lines were made by the local nazcan indians, they have an explanation to what the lines are for and this is backed up by their religious practices

the real mystery to me is why someone would rather take the word of a criminal swiss hotel worker over local knowledge
blink.gif

I found this site interesting
http://www.geocities.com/dolph322000/nazca.html
linked-image
the animals appear to be in seperate groups and continent specific
linked-image
and not all maps are made by mercator
original.gif

louie
QUOTE(louie @ May 31 2007, 11:06 PM) [snapback]1702730[/snapback]
i just watched a show, and they were flying over th lines, then it came to the symbol they call the astronaut and i noticed its marked on the side of a steep hill , wich means the theory that the lines were created by people doing cerominal walks. because they couldent walk up the face of the hill, so then why is that one marked there an can only be seen from the sky.

What about this one then, your not gonna walk up there on a prayer march.
The Puzzler
QUOTE(louie @ Jun 1 2007, 06:12 PM) [snapback]1703762[/snapback]
What about this one then, your not gonna walk up there on a prayer march.

Ive got to agree on that one, you are not gonna walk up that hill, even for a prayer!
Blue_army
On those harsh contitions? in the baking sun? no thanks
apollyon
that picture is a bit misleading
linked-image
its actually on the gentle slope of a small hill
claiming things are impossible on that gradiant would be like claiming that this couldn't have been made by people for the same reasons
linked-image
Regency
QUOTE(louie @ May 20 2007, 10:25 AM) [snapback]1684298[/snapback]
And rember there are other images of animals and humans that can only been seen from the sky around the world. were these people somehow connected. the candstick in south america, white horse england, spider in north america. if you google you can find more.


You can see the White Horse in England from the ground. It's on a hill side.

I think the lines were made by natives for ritual purposes. They are amazing, I've just watched a programme on them, the South American ancients were fascinating people.
louie
What about this one, its refered to as the Paracan candleabra, but no one knows exactly what it represents or what its function. people belive there was a rope attached and it used to measure earthquakes. but still its a another mystery connected with the nazca lines.

http://www.fortunecity.com/roswell/barada/...ient-nazca.html


http://www.labyrinthina.com/nazca2.htm

http://www.anthroarcheart.org/nazca.htm


http://agutie.homestead.com/FiLEs/Nazca_Lines.htm
Blue_army
Why would you make them anway?
alexpap
QUOTE(itsnotoutthere @ May 25 2007, 05:29 PM) [snapback]1693587[/snapback]
I changed channels as soon as you mentioned Erik Von Daniken, sorry.

i agree man
original.gif
alexpap
QUOTE(apollyon @ Jun 1 2007, 04:56 AM) [snapback]1703464[/snapback]
when I looked into this I heard all the usual nonsense,
heres what I discovered
1) all the figures can be viewed from the nearby mountains
2) it is not a mystery who made them the local indians did it and the animals can be seen in their pottery which dates back as old as the lines
3) the local indians use the lines today as someone already mentioned as prayer paths, they claim this is the reason the lines are there but no one listens to their answer

so really
there is no mystery here that I can see
the lines were made by the local nazcan indians, they have an explanation to what the lines are for and this is backed up by their religious practices

the real mystery to me is why someone would rather take the word of a criminal swiss hotel worker over local knowledge
blink.gif

I found this site interesting
http://www.geocities.com/dolph322000/nazca.html
linked-image
the animals appear to be in seperate groups and continent specific
linked-image
and not all maps are made by mercator
original.gif

great man,
some people here believe that Incas made those lines.Inkas didn t even had the knowledges of geometry or maths,they didnt even know writing
Its funny to believe that they constructed the lines.Or the thousand of the pyramids in their area.They just found them ready.
louie
QUOTE(alexpap @ Jun 16 2007, 03:53 PM) [snapback]1727650[/snapback]
great man,
some people here believe that Incas made those lines.Inkas didn t even had the knowledges of geometry or maths,they didnt even know writing
Its funny to believe that they constructed the lines.Or the thousand of the pyramids in their area.They just found them ready.

Funny thing is. that the animal designs are aligned to solicastes summer and winter, same as many ancient monuments around the world.

here are a few theorys.

Why were the Nazca Lines made? Here are some theories:
Astronomical observatory: Many of the lines point to constellations and can be tied to solstices and equinoxes.

Water: The desert-dwelling Nascans obsessed about water, and the lines could map underground sources.

Labyrinths: Each figure is constructed from a single line, so they could be walked during ceremonies.

Sports stadium: The Nazcans were great athletes, the thinking goes. Maybe the lines were running tracks.

For tribute: The markings can be seen only from the air, making them messages to the gods.

UFO landing strips: Erich Von Daniken popularized this theory with his best-selling book Chariots of the Gods?

To measure rainfall.

Areas for rituals and sacrifices of animals.

A memorial area for the Great Flood. Every culture has it's own Flood Myth, and this could be their tribute to the flood

They are markers for underground waterflow. The lines were representations of flow pressure, direction, etc.

They were used for dowsing purposes.

Each figure could be markings of different clans around the Nazca plains.

Japanese Find New Nazca Lines In Peru. http://agutie.homestead.com/FiLEs/Nazca_Lines.htm
intresting articles in that site.


Star_girl
You know I think whoever made them and for whatever purposes they were extremely clever...

They made them in images that everyone could recognise and secondly on a scale that everyone would wonder why they were made...
burks_patrick
I've often wondered could the lines have been an aid for OOBE experiences or for shaministc rituals involving hallucinagenic plants. I remember hearing or reading a theory about that somewhere. In other words it would put it back into a religious context for the why.
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