Popular Post Abramelin Posted May 15, 2021 Popular Post #1 Share Posted May 15, 2021 (edited) Many here will know that I am interested in corvids, or crows, rooks, ravens, jackdaws, magpies, and so on. I was googling for some nice photos of the common crow, or in latin: corvus corone. But I made a typo and googled "corvus corona" instead, and after some clicks, I arrived at the next site: https://www.constellationsofwords.com/corvus/ I downloaded the image of the constellation, and started reading. I of course knew of the Greek myth. Quote from the link: "Another myth tells us that Corvus, the raven, was given a task by Apollo of keeping a watchful eye on Apollo’s pregnant lover Coronis (her name might relate to crow or crown, one of the Hyades in Taurus is named Coronis). The raven reported back to Apollo the unwelcome news that she was having an affair with someone else. Apollo in anger cursed the raven, and its color changed from its former silver hue to the present black. Corona was killed by Apollo’s sister Artemis. The unborn child of Coronis and Apollo was rescued and raised as Asclepius who is identified with Ophiuchus". Then I noticed the typo in the text: "CoronA was killed by Apollo's sister Artemis" ... Corona killed by Artemis?? Now I also happen to be interested in herbal medicine (no, that's most certainly nòt the same as homeopathy), and I thought, "hey, could artemisia (= wormwood, mugwort) help fight Covid19??" Ok, I googled again and found this: https://www.wpi.edu/news/early-research-finds-extracts-sweet-wormwood-plant-can-inhibit-covid-19-virus Quote: Wormwood Plant Can Inhibit the COVID-19 Virus May 4, 2021 A team of researchers that includes Worcester Polytechnic Institute Biology Professor Pamela Weathers has found that extracts from the leaves of the Artemisia annua plant, a medicinal herb also known as sweet wormwood, inhibit the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and two of its recent variants. The team, which included researchers from Columbia University in New York and the University of Washington at Seattle, also found that extracts of the plant were more effective against the virus when levels of a key therapeutic compound in the plant, artemisinin, were low. The in vitro findings led the researchers to suggest that one or more compounds in Artemisia annua, or A. annua, that have not yet been identified may point to a safe, low-cost therapeutic treatment for SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. The work was described in an article published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Nice going: 2 typo's (mine and someone else's), and then finding some herb that MAY help fight covid19. Edited May 15, 2021 by Abramelin 5 7 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Abramelin Posted May 15, 2021 Author #2 Share Posted May 15, 2021 I wasn't sure where to post my story about this coïncidence and me connecting dots. 5 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
quiXilver Posted May 15, 2021 #3 Share Posted May 15, 2021 Outstanding stuff @Abramelin! Touching on several of my favorite topics in one go... i've been cultivating a relationship with our local corvus corvidae population for two decades now) Thank you for sharing. 5 1 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
+Desertrat56 Posted May 15, 2021 #4 Share Posted May 15, 2021 Thanks for this @Abramelin. My mother used to grow a variety of artemisia because her grandmother's middle name was that Artemisia. It didn't survive when I moved to Texas and I have thought about getting some more. 5 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
quiXilver Posted May 15, 2021 #5 Share Posted May 15, 2021 As it relates to Ravens... I've been following and enjoying watching Fable the Raven on this youtube aviary channel. She's a hoot. Here's a link if anyone else is interested. 5 1 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
+ouija ouija Posted May 15, 2021 #6 Share Posted May 15, 2021 Bl**dy brilliant!! I love your thought process. This is very exciting! Sounds as if, at the very least, it would relieve a lot of discomfort and limit the formation of scar tissue. I hope she gets enough funding to continue with her research. 2 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Abramelin Posted May 15, 2021 Author #7 Share Posted May 15, 2021 22 minutes ago, ouija ouija said: Bl**dy brilliant!! I love your thought process. This is very exciting! Sounds as if, at the very least, it would relieve a lot of discomfort and limit the formation of scar tissue. I hope she gets enough funding to continue with her research. I was thinking of the poorer countries: this herb is easy to grow. It won't cure the disease, but it will help to alleviate the symptoms. 6 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Popular Post Tatetopa Posted February 15, 2022 Popular Post #8 Share Posted February 15, 2022 Not sure why this year old thread popped up for me today. Coincidently (or not) I a getting my seed order ready. I was going to reserve some space for mugwort as I have in the past. It makes a good smudge that some traditions believe is purifying. I have also grown sweetgrass which is used and has a smell that is delightful. Before modern medicines, all cultures relied on native plants for healing. Often times, it was the grannies who helped as midwives and knew traditional herbal medicine that kept those traditions alive. Of course, often they were the target of witch hunts for that knowledge. Makes me wonder if the instigators of witch burning were the ancestors of today's pharma tycoons. Just kidding. 7 3 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Abramelin Posted February 16, 2022 Author #9 Share Posted February 16, 2022 18 hours ago, Tatetopa said: Makes me wonder if the instigators of witch burning were the ancestors of today's pharma tycoons. Just kidding. You are kidding, but it would be mind-blowing if we found out the ancestors of the pharma mafia were those witch hunters from the past. Damn. 3 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Mr Walker Posted February 16, 2022 #10 Share Posted February 16, 2022 Seems to me that there is more similarity between big pharma today and the witches of the past Both are distrusted, and even hated, by some, despite the good they do Like all crafts people, "witches" expected to be paid, in some form, by their customers Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
jmccr8 Posted February 16, 2022 #11 Share Posted February 16, 2022 (edited) 38 minutes ago, Mr Walker said: Seems to me that there is more similarity between big pharma today and the witches of the past Both are distrusted, and even hated, by some, despite the good they do Like all crafts people, "witches" expected to be paid, in some form, by their customers Hi Walker Those feelings of distrust didn't happen till after Christianity and for at least the last 100 thousand years shaman and witch doctors were highly respected in their groups. For Christianity god will heal you so no need for competition. Edited February 17, 2022 by jmccr8 which witch 6 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Mr Walker Posted February 17, 2022 #12 Share Posted February 17, 2022 (edited) 25 minutes ago, jmccr8 said: Hi Walker Those feelings of distrust didn't happen till after Christianity and for at least the last 100 thousand years shaman and which doctors were highly respected in their groups. For Christianity god will heal you so no need for competition. True up to a point, and in part. However, anyone ( and a woman especially ) who operates outside the bounds of accepted or "legal" practice has always been treated with some distrust by many Eg a woman who could heal you could also kill you (or your animals) A woman who could make someone love you could also make them hate you. Thus you might always be wary of them Often, but not always, they lived outside of other social norms eg were not married /lived alone or were not normal (perhaps had a form of mental illness) Of course this often occurred because a single woman had to find a way to survive and make a living. Druids , for example, were often feared by their communities as were Native Australian Kurdaitcha/ Gadaidga men who, in native belief, could both heal and kill you with magic. Magic was often associated with sexuality /virginity , which could also cause tensions in early communities . quote The Australian Aborigines of Queensland’s Channel Country were impressed by the supernatural powers of the “bush” Aborigines of the Gulf Country to their north, and regarded them with a certain admiration. But it was an admiration tinged with fear. The Channel Country “shamans” tended to downplay the extent of their powers and believed the northerners, more attuned to the ways of old, were in closer touch with the spirits, and therefore could wield far greater power. “Don’t spit on the ground, or urinate anywhere near where they might walk,” I was warned. “They might do something to you.” They advised me that if I asked too many questions, I might be bewitched. “The Gulf Country. That’s where the real shamans are.” https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/seeking-shaman The whole article is a very interesting read Edited February 17, 2022 by Mr Walker 1 2 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
jmccr8 Posted February 17, 2022 #13 Share Posted February 17, 2022 7 minutes ago, Mr Walker said: True up to a point, and in part. However, anyone ( and a woman especially ) who operates outside the bounds of accepted or "legal" practice has always been treated with some distrust by many Eg a woman who could heal you could also kill you (or your animals) A woman who could make someone love you could also make them hate you. Thus you might always be wary of them Often, but not always, they lived outside of other social norms eg were not married /lived alone or were not normal (perhaps had a form of mental illness) Of course this often occurred because a single woman had to find a way to survive and make a living. Druids , for example, were often feared by their communities as were Native Australian Kurdaitcha/ Gadaidga men who, in native belief, could both heal and kill you with magic Magic was often associated with sexuality /virginity , which could also cause tensions in early communities . Hi Walker *spam filter*s are not research. 6 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Buzz_Light_Year Posted February 17, 2022 #14 Share Posted February 17, 2022 On 2/15/2022 at 5:31 PM, Tatetopa said: Makes me wonder if the instigators of witch burning were the ancestors of today's pharma tycoons. Just kidding. Bible uses the word sorcery which is translated from pharmakeia in the Greek. https://biblehub.com/greek/5331.htm Quote from pharmakeuó (to administer drugs) Definition the use of medicine, drugs or spells NASB Translation sorceries (1), sorcery (2). 5 2 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Mr Walker Posted February 22, 2022 #15 Share Posted February 22, 2022 On 2/17/2022 at 10:53 AM, jmccr8 said: Hi Walker *spam filter*s are not research. I dont know what you mean Anthropology , sociology, history,, politics and literature all have evidences of how people with differences are treated throughout time and across all societies Women are almost always treated with greater suspicion in patriarchal societies Hence the Salem witch trials didn't find any warlocks Magic is always a two edged sword. both in its use, and application. ie to heal/ harm, or with benevolent /malicious intent. Whether its used for personal gain, or to hep others 1 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Indiogene Posted February 23, 2022 #16 Share Posted February 23, 2022 In astrology, Corvus is probably the parazodiac between the zodiac constellations Libra to the west and Virgo to the east (judgement and re-birth). It's close to the ecliptic and the 180' equinox Meridian or mid-longitude meets the 0' Celestial Equator or mid-latitude. And crows or ravens or blackbirds are symbolic of death in our (North American) culture, along with the grim reaper and the skeleton figure. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
eight bits Posted February 23, 2022 #17 Share Posted February 23, 2022 12 hours ago, Mr Walker said: Hence the Salem witch trials didn't find any warlocks Four men were hanged in Salem for witchcraft; one other man was killed for failing to plead to the charge of witchcraft. https://www.biography.com/news/salem-witch-trials-facts Google is your friend, Mr W. Maybe you'll find material there to add to your posts. 2 2 2 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
SHaYap Posted February 23, 2022 #18 Share Posted February 23, 2022 When someone with claims to having photographic memory forgets to load the brain... ~ 1 5 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
jmccr8 Posted February 23, 2022 #19 Share Posted February 23, 2022 (edited) 20 hours ago, Mr Walker said: I dont know what you mean Anthropology , sociology, history,, politics and literature all have evidences of how people with differences are treated throughout time and across all societies Women are almost always treated with greater suspicion in patriarchal societies Hence the Salem witch trials didn't find any warlocks Magic is always a two edged sword. both in its use, and application. ie to heal/ harm, or with benevolent /malicious intent. Whether its used for personal gain, or to hep others Hi Walker How's things going, good I hope. You haven't shown anything that counters my earlier post about Christianity being the biggest factor in witch hunting persecution. Yes anyone could make a false claim against anyone about witchcraft and usually it occurred in Christian communities. Will leave you some reading to ponder before your next answer. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-VIII Innocent VIII, original name Giovanni Battista Cibo, (born 1432, Genoa—died July 25/26, 1492, Rome), pope from 1484 to 1492. Named bishop of Savona, Italy, in 1467 by Pope Paul II, he was made cardinal in 1473 by Pope Sixtus IV, whom he succeeded. His election was manipulated by Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere (later Pope Julius II), whose tool Innocent remained. The executions of persons thought to be practicing witchcraft were increasing throughout western Europe. In a bull of 1484 Innocent acknowledged belief in witchcraft, condemned it, and then dispatched inquisitors to Germany to try witches. In 1486 he persecuted one of the chief exponents of Renaissance Platonism, Pico della Mirandola, by condemning his theses and prohibiting his defense. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleus_Maleficarum The Malleus Maleficarum,[2] usually translated as the Hammer of Witches,[3][a] is the best known treatise on witchcraft.[6][7] It was written by the Catholic clergyman Heinrich Kramer (under his Latinized name Henricus Institor) and first published in the German city of Speyer in 1486. It has been described as the compendium of literature in demonology of the 15th century. The top theologians of the Inquisition at the Faculty of Cologne condemned the book as recommending unethical and illegal procedures, as well as being inconsistent with Catholic doctrines of demonology. The Malleus elevates sorcery to the criminal status of heresy and recommends that secular courts prosecute it as such. The Malleus suggests torture to effectively obtain confessions and the death penalty as the only certain remedy against the evils of witchcraft. At the time of its publication, heretics were frequently punished to be burned alive at the stake[8] and the Malleus encouraged the same treatment of witches. The book had a strong influence on culture for several centuries.[citation needed] Jacob Sprenger's name was added as an author beginning in 1519, 33 years after the book's first publication and 24 years after Sprenger's death; but the veracity of this late addition has been questioned by many historians for various reasons. Kramer wrote the Malleus following his expulsion from Innsbruck by the local bishop, due to charges of illegal behavior against Kramer himself, and because of Kramer's obsession with the sexual habits of one of the accused, Helena Scheuberin, which led the other tribunal members to suspend the trial. The book was later used by royal courts during the Renaissance, and contributed to the increasingly brutal prosecution of witchcraft during the 16th and 17th centuries. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summis_desiderantes_affectibus Summis desiderantes affectibus (Latin for "desiring with supreme ardor"), sometimes abbreviated to Summis desiderantes[1][2] was a papal bull regarding witchcraft issued by Pope Innocent VIII on 5 December 1484. Contents 1Witches and the Church 2Dominican Inquisition origin 3Content 4Citations 5General references 6External links Witches and the Church[edit] Belief in witchcraft is ancient. Deuteronomy 18:11–12 in the Hebrew Bible states: "Let there not be found among you anyone who immolates his son or daughter in the fire, nor a fortune-teller, soothsayer, charmer, diviner, or caster of spells, nor one who consults ghosts and spirits or seeks oracles from the dead." Pope Gregory VII wrote to Harald III of Denmark in 1080 forbidding witches to be put to death upon presumption of their having caused storms or failure of crops or pestilence. According to Herbert Thurston, the fierce denunciation and persecution of supposed sorceresses which characterized the witchhunts of a later age, were not generally found in the first thirteen hundred years of the Christian era.[3] According to historians such as Martin Del Rio and P.G. Maxwell-Stuart, "The early Church had set out the distinctions between white and black magic... The penalties were restricted to confession, repentance, and charitable work".[4] Dominican Inquisition origin[edit] The bull was written in response to the request of Dominican Inquisitor Heinrich Kramer for explicit authority to prosecute witchcraft in Germany, after he was refused assistance by the local ecclesiastical authorities,[2] who maintained that as the letter of deputation did not specifically mention where the inquisitors may operate, they could not legally exercise their functions in their areas. The bull sought to remedy this jurisdictional dispute by specifically identifying the dioceses of Mainz, Köln, Trier, Salzburg, and Bremen.[5] Innocent's Bull enacted nothing new. Its direct purport was to ratify the powers already conferred upon Kramer (also known as "Henry Institoris") and James Sprenger to deal with witchcraft as well as heresy, and it called upon the Bishop of Strasburg (then Albert of Palatinate-Mosbach) to lend the inquisitors all possible support.[3] Some scholars view the bull as "clearly political", motivated by jurisdictional disputes between the local German Catholic priests and clerics from the Office of the Inquisition who answered more directly to the pope.[6] Edited to add There is no other time in recorded history prior to the Catholic church is there evidence of these types of persecutions. Edited February 23, 2022 by jmccr8 the usual 5 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Abramelin Posted February 24, 2022 Author #20 Share Posted February 24, 2022 (edited) On 2/23/2022 at 4:45 AM, Solipsi Rai said: And crows or ravens or blackbirds are symbolic of death in our (North American) culture, along with the grim reaper and the skeleton figure. But not in Native American culture; there they symbolize the Trickster and the Creator god. Edited February 24, 2022 by Abramelin 2 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
+Desertrat56 Posted February 24, 2022 #21 Share Posted February 24, 2022 (edited) 23 minutes ago, Abramelin said: But not in Native American culture; there they symbolize the Trickster and the Creator god. Not Navajo, to them the coyote is the trickster and they don't envision a "creator god" in the context that you are referring to, or any christian sense. The only thing I found was "Owls, crows, mice, and coyotes are considered helpers of the witches and evil spirits. " But I am not sure about the word witches, I never heard a Navajo say anything about witches. Maybe they have a word that only loosley translates into english as that, and because we do not really understand their culture that is the word that someone used. Edited February 24, 2022 by Desertrat56 1 2 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Tatetopa Posted February 24, 2022 #22 Share Posted February 24, 2022 On 2/22/2022 at 7:45 PM, Solipsi Rai said: And crows or ravens or blackbirds are symbolic of death in our (North American) culture, along with the grim reaper and the skeleton figure. Not in the majority of North American cultures. The owl is more commonly a messenger of death or ominous portents. As @Abramelin says above, like coyote they can be a trickster of positive force. There were no reapers until Europeans showed up with fields of grain and the analogy of a grim reaper harvesting humans like a reaper harvests a field of grain. Central America does have skeleton symbolism, not all of it ominous. Day of the Dead is more about loving memory of the departed than fear of death. In the Pacific Northwest Raven stories are generally creative, creating the world, releasing people into the world and, like Prometheus, bringing the gift of fire. If you live close to nature, corvids seem wise and sometimes funny. They have a loyalty to their families and a fierce courage attacking raptors that threaten their brood. For Europeans, raven and wolf were more often battlefield scavengers and symbols of death and ruin. Still Odin had his ravens to fly out daily and bring him news. 4 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Abramelin Posted February 24, 2022 Author #23 Share Posted February 24, 2022 3 hours ago, Desertrat56 said: Not Navajo, to them the coyote is the trickster and they don't envision a "creator god" in the context that you are referring to, or any christian sense. The only thing I found was "Owls, crows, mice, and coyotes are considered helpers of the witches and evil spirits. " But I am not sure about the word witches, I never heard a Navajo say anything about witches. Maybe they have a word that only loosley translates into english as that, and because we do not really understand their culture that is the word that someone used. Maybe I should have been more specific: the Native Americans of the North West Pacific region. https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/totems-to-turquoise/native-american-cosmology/raven-the-trickster 4 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Mr Walker Posted February 25, 2022 #24 Share Posted February 25, 2022 On 2/23/2022 at 10:41 PM, eight bits said: Four men were hanged in Salem for witchcraft; one other man was killed for failing to plead to the charge of witchcraft. https://www.biography.com/news/salem-witch-trials-facts Google is your friend, Mr W. Maybe you'll find material there to add to your posts. I suspected this and should have checked. I probably relied too much on the common perception and the commonly accepted version. But you will understand my excuse. I had to go walk the dogs and didn't take the time to check None the less, my basic point holds true 14 women hanged, 5 men hanged and ne crushed ie ina patriarchal society women ere far more likely to be victims of not only witchcraft accusations bit other "crimes " like adultery . It is interesting that, in the Salem trials, at least some of the men had previous civil and religious conflicts with local authorities, including religious authorities 1 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Mr Walker Posted February 25, 2022 #25 Share Posted February 25, 2022 On 2/24/2022 at 6:51 AM, jmccr8 said: Hi Walker How's things going, good I hope. You haven't shown anything that counters my earlier post about Christianity being the biggest factor in witch hunting persecution. Yes anyone could make a false claim against anyone about witchcraft and usually it occurred in Christian communities. Will leave you some reading to ponder before your next answer. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Innocent-VIII Innocent VIII, original name Giovanni Battista Cibo, (born 1432, Genoa—died July 25/26, 1492, Rome), pope from 1484 to 1492. Named bishop of Savona, Italy, in 1467 by Pope Paul II, he was made cardinal in 1473 by Pope Sixtus IV, whom he succeeded. His election was manipulated by Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere (later Pope Julius II), whose tool Innocent remained. The executions of persons thought to be practicing witchcraft were increasing throughout western Europe. In a bull of 1484 Innocent acknowledged belief in witchcraft, condemned it, and then dispatched inquisitors to Germany to try witches. In 1486 he persecuted one of the chief exponents of Renaissance Platonism, Pico della Mirandola, by condemning his theses and prohibiting his defense. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleus_Maleficarum The Malleus Maleficarum,[2] usually translated as the Hammer of Witches,[3][a] is the best known treatise on witchcraft.[6][7] It was written by the Catholic clergyman Heinrich Kramer (under his Latinized name Henricus Institor) and first published in the German city of Speyer in 1486. It has been described as the compendium of literature in demonology of the 15th century. The top theologians of the Inquisition at the Faculty of Cologne condemned the book as recommending unethical and illegal procedures, as well as being inconsistent with Catholic doctrines of demonology. The Malleus elevates sorcery to the criminal status of heresy and recommends that secular courts prosecute it as such. The Malleus suggests torture to effectively obtain confessions and the death penalty as the only certain remedy against the evils of witchcraft. At the time of its publication, heretics were frequently punished to be burned alive at the stake[8] and the Malleus encouraged the same treatment of witches. The book had a strong influence on culture for several centuries.[citation needed] Jacob Sprenger's name was added as an author beginning in 1519, 33 years after the book's first publication and 24 years after Sprenger's death; but the veracity of this late addition has been questioned by many historians for various reasons. Kramer wrote the Malleus following his expulsion from Innsbruck by the local bishop, due to charges of illegal behavior against Kramer himself, and because of Kramer's obsession with the sexual habits of one of the accused, Helena Scheuberin, which led the other tribunal members to suspend the trial. The book was later used by royal courts during the Renaissance, and contributed to the increasingly brutal prosecution of witchcraft during the 16th and 17th centuries. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summis_desiderantes_affectibus Summis desiderantes affectibus (Latin for "desiring with supreme ardor"), sometimes abbreviated to Summis desiderantes[1][2] was a papal bull regarding witchcraft issued by Pope Innocent VIII on 5 December 1484. Contents 1Witches and the Church 2Dominican Inquisition origin 3Content 4Citations 5General references 6External links Witches and the Church[edit] Belief in witchcraft is ancient. Deuteronomy 18:11–12 in the Hebrew Bible states: "Let there not be found among you anyone who immolates his son or daughter in the fire, nor a fortune-teller, soothsayer, charmer, diviner, or caster of spells, nor one who consults ghosts and spirits or seeks oracles from the dead." Pope Gregory VII wrote to Harald III of Denmark in 1080 forbidding witches to be put to death upon presumption of their having caused storms or failure of crops or pestilence. According to Herbert Thurston, the fierce denunciation and persecution of supposed sorceresses which characterized the witchhunts of a later age, were not generally found in the first thirteen hundred years of the Christian era.[3] According to historians such as Martin Del Rio and P.G. Maxwell-Stuart, "The early Church had set out the distinctions between white and black magic... The penalties were restricted to confession, repentance, and charitable work".[4] Dominican Inquisition origin[edit] The bull was written in response to the request of Dominican Inquisitor Heinrich Kramer for explicit authority to prosecute witchcraft in Germany, after he was refused assistance by the local ecclesiastical authorities,[2] who maintained that as the letter of deputation did not specifically mention where the inquisitors may operate, they could not legally exercise their functions in their areas. The bull sought to remedy this jurisdictional dispute by specifically identifying the dioceses of Mainz, Köln, Trier, Salzburg, and Bremen.[5] Innocent's Bull enacted nothing new. Its direct purport was to ratify the powers already conferred upon Kramer (also known as "Henry Institoris") and James Sprenger to deal with witchcraft as well as heresy, and it called upon the Bishop of Strasburg (then Albert of Palatinate-Mosbach) to lend the inquisitors all possible support.[3] Some scholars view the bull as "clearly political", motivated by jurisdictional disputes between the local German Catholic priests and clerics from the Office of the Inquisition who answered more directly to the pope.[6] Edited to add There is no other time in recorded history prior to the Catholic church is there evidence of these types of persecutions. In christian societies, yes, it was the church who persecuted witches, and the bible which made them evil But of course the world existed long before Christianity and there are thousands of non christian cultures. My point was that in ANY society the different or the powerless will always be she most common victims. Any society expects (and often even requires) each member to fit within certain expectations and parameters. Those who challenged the beliefs, as well as the authority, of a society were often punished Eg The control by druids of the population Then the "extermination" of the druids by the Romans Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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