Jay Alfred

Dark matter - plasma of super particles

November 25, 2008 |  3 comments
Image Credit: sxc.hu What if the Electron was as massive as the Proton ? Lighter electrons, under the Standard Model, are more mobile and are captured by a nucleus of protons easily. But what if electrons were as massive as protons ? Would we have atoms at room temperature ? Would the world look the same ?

Supersymmetric Plasma
It is postulated by plasma metaphysics that supersymmetric bulk matter or dark matter, unlike bulk matter of Standard Model particles in our universe, is composed of heavy negatively and positively charged particles that are similar in mass. Since the negatively charged articles are just as massive as the positively charged particles, recombination to atoms may not occur even at low energies and ionization potentials will be much lower. Supersymmetric bulk matter would therefore be composed of matter that is analogous to "plasma". Instead of a plasma consisting of light electrons and heavy protons, however, this plasma will consist of superparticles of similar mass.

The existence of positively and negatively charged particles of similar mass is not surprising. For example, the positively-charged positron, the anti-particle of the electron, has a similar mass to the negatively-charged electron. Also, included within the Standard Model are two types of W particles - the W+ and W- bosons (i.e. "force-particles"). The particles have electric charges of +1 and -1, respectively, and have a similar mass of 80.4 GeV/c2, which makes them almost 100 times as massive as the proton and heavier than entire atoms of iron. Each particle is the antiparticle of the other.

Therefore it is not inconceivable that there could be positively and negatively charged superparticles with similar mass. This implies that the matter composed of these particles would be non-atomic and more in the form of what we would describe as plasma. These superparticles will be analogous to the "charginos" predicted by supersymmetry theory.

Charginos and the Weak Force
Charginos are charged superparticles which are linear combinations of "winos" and charged "higgsinos". "Winos" are the supersymmetric counterparts of W particles in the Standard Model. Under supersymmetry theory, the massive W particles in the Standard Model, which are bosons (or force particles), are reflected as W fermions (or matter particles) called "winos". The counterpart of the higgs particle in the supersymmetric model is the "higgsino". W particles feel the weak force.

The weak force appears "weak" in commonly observed processes but it is not intrinsically weak. The value of the fine structure constant for the weak force, according to the Standard Model, is actually larger than for the electromagnetic force. The real reason for the apparent weakness of the weak force is the large mass of the W particles which translates into short ranges which causes the weak force to appear weak. This mass limits the range of the weak nuclear force. The electromagnetic force, by contrast, has an infinite range because its boson (the photon) is massless. With energies greater than 100 GeV, however, the weak force acts with much the same strength as the electromagnetic force. At higher energies the electromagnetic and weak forces unite as the electroweak force. The weak interactions involving the W+ and W- particles act on exclusively left-handed particles and right-handed antiparticles. In other words, W particles act on (right-handed) mirror matter.Dark Matter
If most of the dark matter are comprised of supersymmetric particles, and if a substantial proportion of these particles are positive and negative chargino-like particles with similar mass, then we will have to conclude that a substantial proportion of dark matter is in the form of (non-standard or super) plasma. Furthermore, since these particles are massive, the velocity of these particles, and therefore, the collision rate would be less. If this is the case, then these massive charged particles should form cold dark plasma that feels the weak force. Cold dark matter allows structures to be formed.

Why have We not Detected them?
The graviton is well-established in theory but has not been observed in any laboratory; neither have gravitational waves predicted by quantum field theory.

Despite the operation of LIGOs (Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory) for many years, no gravitational waves have been detected. Similarly, waves emitted by bulk matter comprising of plasmas of superparticles have not been detected by our scientific instruments. Ths is due to the limitations of our instruments to detect them.

Conclusion
It is postulated by plasma metaphysics that supersymmetric bulk matter or dark matter consists of non-standard (or super) plasma which radiates energetic waves. These postulated "super" waves or "S-Waves" are currently not directly measurable by our scientific instruments.

This article was first published on EzineArticles (Science) on 15 June 2008.
© Copyright Jay Alfred 2008

Jay Alfred is the author of the Dark Plasma Theory (formerly described as "plasma metaphysics"). This Theory holds that dark matter is largely in the form of plasmas of exotic (non-baryonic) particles. Jay has been researching on terrestrial dark plasma (TDP) life forms, including their evolution in the dark biosphere and their habitats since 2001, in the context of Dark Plasma Theory. He is the author of three books on Dark Plasma Theory which include Our Invisible Bodies (http://www.amazon.com/Our-Invisible-Bodies-Scientific-Evidence/dp/1412063264), Brains and Realities and Between the Moon and Earth which are available on Amazon online bookstores. Comments (3)

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