The golden chest was thought to have been the container in which Moses placed the original ten commandments.
One of the most sought-after and mystifying religious artifacts in history, the Ark of the Covenant remains a fascinating enigma and nobody is even quite sure if it ever actually existed at all.
Even if the Ark was real, we don't know if it survived and even if it is still around, nobody knows where.
Now, though, archaeologist Dr Chris McKinny has reignited the debate over the relic's whereabouts by preparing to conduct a new search beneath Jerusalem's Temple Mount.
According to McKinny, whose work will be the focus of a new documentary entitled Legends of the Lost Ark, the relic was never destroyed but instead hidden to prevent it from falling into the wrong hands.
The last rumored location of the Ark in historical records was the Temple in Jerusalem, but when the Babylonians destroyed the city in 586 BCE, there was no record of it being captured.
This has lead to speculation that it was moved and hidden somewhere else at around that time.
To find out if the Temple Mount is indeed the final resting place of the Ark, McKinny and his team will use muon tomography - a modern scanning technique designed to reveal what's hidden underground.
Previous tentative scans of the site have revealed possible voids under the surface, so there is a chance that the Ark of the Covenant might be hidden down there.
That said, access to the site is heavily restricted, so actually obtaining sufficient permission to conduct such an investigation will itself prove challenging.
If McKinny actually is able to locate the final resting place of the Ark, however, it would surely be one of the most significant archaeological discoveries of all time.
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