William B Stoecker
The masonic bomb
January 1, 2012 |
6 comments
Image Credit: military
Throughout the fifties and sixties, leftists opposed to the build-up of America's nuclear arsenal repeatedly implied that nuclear weapons were something created by the far right, and that the left was here to save humanity from the threat of nuclear war. But, in fact, the President who began the atomic bomb project, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, was a liberal Democrat who also began turning America into a socialist nation. The President who ordered the bombs dropped was his chosen successor, liberal Democrat Harry Truman, and the chief scientist for the project was Robert Oppenheimer, who, it was eventually learned, had been a communist party member all along, which is why he hired Soviet spies to work on the project. While Britain's wartime Conservative government had participated to a limited degree in the program, it was the leftist postwar Labour government that actually developed Britain's own nuclear weapons. And of course it was Soviet communist leader Stalin who stole the secrets from America and began building Russia's nuclear weaponry. But the bomb was not only a leftist project...it was also the work of that rather mysterious secret society, the Freemasons. FDR, our thirty second President, was a thirty second degree Mason, and Truman, our thirty third President, was a thirty third degree Mason. The thirty third degree is particularly important in Freemasonry, probably because most human spines have thirty three vertebrae, and mystics have long believed that the kundalini energy rises up the spine from the base chakra, bringing enlightenment. Roosevelt (and Hitler as well) took office in 1933, and the first bomb test was less than a degree off the thirty third parallel.
The Manhattan Project, named after the Manhattan District of the Army Corps of Engineers (who were in charge of it), began rather informally in 1939, when Albert Einstein and two other physicists (all of them leftists, by the way), Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner, sent a letter to FDR urging that the bomb be developed lest Nazi Germany build one first. On 10/9/1941 FDR approved the actual bomb development, putting Army engineer Major General Leslie Groves in charge. The main center for the research was in Los Alamos, New Mexico, and it was here that many components were tested and the bomb actually assembled. Uranium was separated by isotope, or enriched, at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and reactors to produce plutonium were constructed in Hanford, Washington.
These first bombs were fission bombs. Einstein had theorized that mass and energy were equivalent, and experimental physicists had proven that uranium atoms could be split, or fissioned, by neutrons. Such massive atoms release some of the "binding energy" which holds the neutrons and the positively charged protons (which repel one another and would otherwise fly apart) in the nucleus. Like many elements, uranium occurs in several forms called isotopes, which have the same number of positive protons in the nucleus, balanced by an equal number of negatively charged electrons in "shells" surrounding the nucleus. It is these electrons, particularly those in the outer shell, that determine an element's chemical characteristics. But the isotopes have varying numbers of uncharged neutrons, so their nuclear characteristics vary. Natural uranium is a mixture of several isotopes; by far the most common is U-238, which will fission if struck by a neutron of the appropriate energy, but will not release more neutrons when it splits. A tiny portion of natural uranium is the lighter isotope U-235, which, when it is split, releases two more neutrons, each of which can fission two more atoms, causing a chain reaction, which is needed for a bomb. Uranium for a bomb must therefore be "enriched" until it is over eighty percent U-235.
A bomb can also be built with the element plutonium, or Pu-239, which does not occur in nature due to its short half-life (the period of time over which half the nuclei will decay into other elements). When U-238 is struck by a neutron of the right energy it absorbs the neutron and changes into Pu-239. Obviously, this means a different energy than the one needed for fission. Like U-235, plutonium also releases two neutrons, allowing a chain reaction.
Since so little was known at the time about how to proceed, the leaders of the Manhattan Project decided to build both a uranium bomb and a plutonium bomb. Each posed its own set of difficulties. It was very difficult to separate U-235 from U-238 because their difference in mass was not that great and they were chemically identical. Something called thermal separation was considered and rejected, as were high speed centrifuges (the preferred method today), because they tended to vibrate and become unstable. Two methods were used: electromagnetic separation and gaseous diffusion. Both relied on first combining uranium with the active halogen, fluorine, to form a dense gas called uranium hexafluoride. Electromagnetic separation used essentially a greatly enlarged version of a device called a mass spectrometer. When a gas is ionized, giving it a net electric charge, and blown through a magnetic field, the field will cause the ions to follow a curved path. The greater the mass to charge ratio, the less the curve, because the mass resists changes in motion. The huge devices built at Oak Ridge were called "Calutrons." In gaseous diffusion the uranium hexafluoride is forced through very fine porous material. The lighter U-235 gets through more easily, and, in repeated operations, the uranium is gradually enriched. Both methods were used at Oak Ridge, but the diffusion method was more efficient.
Once enough bomb grade uranium is obtained, building the actual bomb is relatively simple...remember that the key word here is "relatively." If two sub critical masses are slammed together, they will achieve critical mass, meaning enough mass to trap enough neutrons, which are released at random by a small number of decaying nuclei. In practice, the bomb tends to "fizzle," meaning that it detonates when only a tiny portion of the U-235 has fissioned, blowing it apart in a small explosion before the rest of the nuclei can be split. But if a large sub critical mass shaped like a sphere with a small segment missing is struck by a tiny "plug" of enriched uranium fired down a short gun barrel with an ordinary explosive charge, enough U-235 will fission to produce a devastating explosion. Such a small plug can be fired at a very high velocity in a gun type weapon light enough to carry on one of the B-29 bombers developed during the war. It was decided that there was no need to test such a bomb, given the scarcity of enriched uranium.
Actually, the first nuclear reactor, using natural uranium, was built under the direction of Italian physicist Enrico Fermi under the bleachers of the University of Chicago’s Stagg Field and became operational 12/2/1942. A natural uranium reactor requires a “moderator” of carbon (typically graphite) or heavy water (composed of ordinary oxygen and the deuterium isotope of hydrogen) to slow the few neutrons produced. But to produce plutonium in sufficient quantity, larger reactors were built at Hanford.
The plutonium bomb offered a different set of problems. It was relatively easy to separate plutonium from uranium because of the different chemistry (plutonium has one more electron than U-238). But, mixed in with the Pu-239 and almost impossible to separate, is a small amount of Pu-240, also produced in the reactor. Pu-240 undergoes a higher rate of spontaneous fission, and tends to start a chain reaction long before a critical mass is achieved, causing the bomb to fizzle every time. So if a large sphere is assembled to be struck by a small plug, the sphere explodes while being assembled...very bad for the health of the workers. Two half spheres of equal mass would work, but if they do not come together with sufficient velocity the bomb will still fizzle (but at least it will do so in enemy territory and not in the bomb factory). But to accelerate a relatively large mass to a high enough velocity would require a gun far too large and heavy to be carried in a plane.
The physicists realized that they had to design a number of subcritical masses of plutonium, shaped very, very precisely and blow them together from the outside in using precisely shaped conventional explosive charges shaped into explosive “lenses” to focus the blast inward. Then the charges had to be simultaneously detonated, and the timing, like everything else, had to be extraordinarily precise. To this day, building a plutonium bomb is no easy matter. The components were tested and the first bomb was assembled in Los Alamos.
Needless to say, such a complex design needed to be tested, so the bomb was taken south of Los Alamos to Trinity Site. Final adjustments were made and the bomb was placed atop a steel tower and there, on 7/16/1945, the first nuclear weapon was successfully detonated. Strangely enough, Trinity Site is less than a degree from the thirty third parallel (as in thirty third degree Mason). East of Trinity is Dallas, where Kennedy was murdered, and Charleston, South Carolina, headquarters for the Southern Jurisdiction of Scottish Rite Freemasonry in North America until the Civil War. Charleston was also a hotbed of secessionist sentiment. This same parallel of latitude also passes close to Mt. Hermon in Lebanon, where, according to legend, the mysterious “Nephilim” came to Earth. Further east it passes through Iraq (ancient Babylon) where, until recently, US troops were bogged down in another of the endless wars bestowed upon us by the elites, and then through Afghanistan, where they are still fighting. West of Trinity is Phoenix, Arizona, named after the mythical dying and reviving bird. But due east and much closer to Trinity is the alleged Roswell/Corona UFO crash site.
A uranium bomb, Little Boy, was dropped on Hiroshima on 8/6/1945. A plutonium bomb, Fat Man, was dropped on Nagasaki on 8/9/1945.
And Nagasaki, like Trinity Site, is less than a degree off the thirty third parallel, where it was dropped on the orders of a thirty third degree Mason, Harry Truman. Now, since then, many nuclear weapons have been tested far from either thirty three north or thirty three south, and many of them have almost certainly been tricky plutonium bombs, or, in the case of thermonuclear weapons, have used a plutonium fission explosion to set off the fusion reaction of the hydrogen bomb. So they don’t need to be on the thirty third parallel to work. But perhaps Truman and other Masons believed that the appropriate location would bring them luck. Skeptics would say that all of this is merely a string of coincidences; I would argue that perhaps there is no such thing as coincidence.[!gad]Throughout the fifties and sixties, leftists opposed to the build-up of America's nuclear arsenal repeatedly implied that nuclear weapons were something created by the far right, and that the left was here to save humanity from the threat of nuclear war. But, in fact, the President who began the atomic bomb project, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, was a liberal Democrat who also began turning America into a socialist nation. The President who ordered the bombs dropped was his chosen successor, liberal Democrat Harry Truman, and the chief scientist for the project was Robert Oppenheimer, who, it was eventually learned, had been a communist party member all along, which is why he hired Soviet spies to work on the project. While Britain's wartime Conservative government had participated to a limited degree in the program, it was the leftist postwar Labour government that actually developed Britain's own nuclear weapons. And of course it was Soviet communist leader Stalin who stole the secrets from America and began building Russia's nuclear weaponry. But the bomb was not only a leftist project...it was also the work of that rather mysterious secret society, the Freemasons. FDR, our thirty second President, was a thirty second degree Mason, and Truman, our thirty third President, was a thirty third degree Mason. The thirty third degree is particularly important in Freemasonry, probably because most human spines have thirty three vertebrae, and mystics have long believed that the kundalini energy rises up the spine from the base chakra, bringing enlightenment. Roosevelt (and Hitler as well) took office in 1933, and the first bomb test was less than a degree off the thirty third parallel.
The Manhattan Project, named after the Manhattan District of the Army Corps of Engineers (who were in charge of it), began rather informally in 1939, when Albert Einstein and two other physicists (all of them leftists, by the way), Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner, sent a letter to FDR urging that the bomb be developed lest Nazi Germany build one first. On 10/9/1941 FDR approved the actual bomb development, putting Army engineer Major General Leslie Groves in charge. The main center for the research was in Los Alamos, New Mexico, and it was here that many components were tested and the bomb actually assembled. Uranium was separated by isotope, or enriched, at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and reactors to produce plutonium were constructed in Hanford, Washington.
These first bombs were fission bombs. Einstein had theorized that mass and energy were equivalent, and experimental physicists had proven that uranium atoms could be split, or fissioned, by neutrons. Such massive atoms release some of the "binding energy" which holds the neutrons and the positively charged protons (which repel one another and would otherwise fly apart) in the nucleus. Like many elements, uranium occurs in several forms called isotopes, which have the same number of positive protons in the nucleus, balanced by an equal number of negatively charged electrons in "shells" surrounding the nucleus. It is these electrons, particularly those in the outer shell, that determine an element's chemical characteristics. But the isotopes have varying numbers of uncharged neutrons, so their nuclear characteristics vary. Natural uranium is a mixture of several isotopes; by far the most common is U-238, which will fission if struck by a neutron of the appropriate energy, but will not release more neutrons when it splits. A tiny portion of natural uranium is the lighter isotope U-235, which, when it is split, releases two more neutrons, each of which can fission two more atoms, causing a chain reaction, which is needed for a bomb. Uranium for a bomb must therefore be "enriched" until it is over eighty percent U-235.
A bomb can also be built with the element plutonium, or Pu-239, which does not occur in nature due to its short half-life (the period of time over which half the nuclei will decay into other elements). When U-238 is struck by a neutron of the right energy it absorbs the neutron and changes into Pu-239. Obviously, this means a different energy than the one needed for fission. Like U-235, plutonium also releases two neutrons, allowing a chain reaction.
Since so little was known at the time about how to proceed, the leaders of the Manhattan Project decided to build both a uranium bomb and a plutonium bomb. Each posed its own set of difficulties. It was very difficult to separate U-235 from U-238 because their difference in mass was not that great and they were chemically identical. Something called thermal separation was considered and rejected, as were high speed centrifuges (the preferred method today), because they tended to vibrate and become unstable. Two methods were used: electromagnetic separation and gaseous diffusion. Both relied on first combining uranium with the active halogen, fluorine, to form a dense gas called uranium hexafluoride. Electromagnetic separation used essentially a greatly enlarged version of a device called a mass spectrometer. When a gas is ionized, giving it a net electric charge, and blown through a magnetic field, the field will cause the ions to follow a curved path. The greater the mass to charge ratio, the less the curve, because the mass resists changes in motion. The huge devices built at Oak Ridge were called "Calutrons." In gaseous diffusion the uranium hexafluoride is forced through very fine porous material. The lighter U-235 gets through more easily, and, in repeated operations, the uranium is gradually enriched. Both methods were used at Oak Ridge, but the diffusion method was more efficient.
Once enough bomb grade uranium is obtained, building the actual bomb is relatively simple...remember that the key word here is "relatively." If two sub critical masses are slammed together, they will achieve critical mass, meaning enough mass to trap enough neutrons, which are released at random by a small number of decaying nuclei. In practice, the bomb tends to "fizzle," meaning that it detonates when only a tiny portion of the U-235 has fissioned, blowing it apart in a small explosion before the rest of the nuclei can be split. But if a large sub critical mass shaped like a sphere with a small segment missing is struck by a tiny "plug" of enriched uranium fired down a short gun barrel with an ordinary explosive charge, enough U-235 will fission to produce a devastating explosion. Such a small plug can be fired at a very high velocity in a gun type weapon light enough to carry on one of the B-29 bombers developed during the war. It was decided that there was no need to test such a bomb, given the scarcity of enriched uranium.
Actually, the first nuclear reactor, using natural uranium, was built under the direction of Italian physicist Enrico Fermi under the bleachers of the University of Chicago’s Stagg Field and became operational 12/2/1942. A natural uranium reactor requires a “moderator” of carbon (typically graphite) or heavy water (composed of ordinary oxygen and the deuterium isotope of hydrogen) to slow the few neutrons produced. But to produce plutonium in sufficient quantity, larger reactors were built at Hanford.
The plutonium bomb offered a different set of problems. It was relatively easy to separate plutonium from uranium because of the different chemistry (plutonium has one more electron than U-238). But, mixed in with the Pu-239 and almost impossible to separate, is a small amount of Pu-240, also produced in the reactor. Pu-240 undergoes a higher rate of spontaneous fission, and tends to start a chain reaction long before a critical mass is achieved, causing the bomb to fizzle every time. So if a large sphere is assembled to be struck by a small plug, the sphere explodes while being assembled...very bad for the health of the workers. Two half spheres of equal mass would work, but if they do not come together with sufficient velocity the bomb will still fizzle (but at least it will do so in enemy territory and not in the bomb factory). But to accelerate a relatively large mass to a high enough velocity would require a gun far too large and heavy to be carried in a plane.
The physicists realized that they had to design a number of subcritical masses of plutonium, shaped very, very precisely and blow them together from the outside in using precisely shaped conventional explosive charges shaped into explosive “lenses” to focus the blast inward. Then the charges had to be simultaneously detonated, and the timing, like everything else, had to be extraordinarily precise. To this day, building a plutonium bomb is no easy matter. The components were tested and the first bomb was assembled in Los Alamos.
Needless to say, such a complex design needed to be tested, so the bomb was taken south of Los Alamos to Trinity Site. Final adjustments were made and the bomb was placed atop a steel tower and there, on 7/16/1945, the first nuclear weapon was successfully detonated. Strangely enough, Trinity Site is less than a degree from the thirty third parallel (as in thirty third degree Mason). East of Trinity is Dallas, where Kennedy was murdered, and Charleston, South Carolina, headquarters for the Southern Jurisdiction of Scottish Rite Freemasonry in North America until the Civil War. Charleston was also a hotbed of secessionist sentiment. This same parallel of latitude also passes close to Mt. Hermon in Lebanon, where, according to legend, the mysterious “Nephilim” came to Earth. Further east it passes through Iraq (ancient Babylon) where, until recently, US troops were bogged down in another of the endless wars bestowed upon us by the elites, and then through Afghanistan, where they are still fighting. West of Trinity is Phoenix, Arizona, named after the mythical dying and reviving bird. But due east and much closer to Trinity is the alleged Roswell/Corona UFO crash site.
A uranium bomb, Little Boy, was dropped on Hiroshima on 8/6/1945. A plutonium bomb, Fat Man, was dropped on Nagasaki on 8/9/1945.
And Nagasaki, like Trinity Site, is less than a degree off the thirty third parallel, where it was dropped on the orders of a thirty third degree Mason, Harry Truman. Now, since then, many nuclear weapons have been tested far from either thirty three north or thirty three south, and many of them have almost certainly been tricky plutonium bombs, or, in the case of thermonuclear weapons, have used a plutonium fission explosion to set off the fusion reaction of the hydrogen bomb. So they don’t need to be on the thirty third parallel to work. But perhaps Truman and other Masons believed that the appropriate location would bring them luck. Skeptics would say that all of this is merely a string of coincidences; I would argue that perhaps there is no such thing as coincidence.
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